Nutrient-gene interaction: Metabolic genotype-phenotype relationship
Nutrient-gene interaction: Metabolic genotype-phenotype relationship
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/135.12.3016s
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Lee, WNP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Go, VLW;Nguyen, CTH;Lee, WNP
美国卫生与公众服务部 (DHHS)/美国农业部《美国人膳食指南》是一份基于科学和人口证据的饮食和身体活动指南，为促进更健康的生活方式和降低包括癌症在内的慢性病风险提供意见和建议。这些建议得到了美国癌症研究所、国家癌症研究所、世界卫生组织/国际癌症研究机构等机构对饮食和癌症预防进行的全面循证审查的支持。然而，影响饮食效应的是个体遗传倾向，它是人群中癌症风险和营养稳态存在相当大个体差异的基础，而营养稳态是通过基因组-营养和代谢-表型相互作用维持的。尽管遗传学是一个重要组成部分，但它仅解释了这种变异的一部分。个体的整体表型，包括健康状况，是通过生命周期中不同环境下的代谢活动的总和以及基因型、代谢表型和环境之间复杂的相互作用来实现和维持的。在这个后基因组时代，基因组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学的高通量技术组可以在单个实验中测量和分析 DNA 序列、RNA 转录本、蛋白质和营养代谢通量。这些进展将营养-基因相互作用的生物标志物研究从还原论概念转变为整体实践，其中许多参与代谢的调节基因及其代谢表型可以通过功能基因组学和代谢谱进行测量。基于代谢的营养基因相互作用的构建模块的数据和信息的整体整合可以产生未来的个性化饮食建议，以降低癌症风险。
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)/USDA Dietary Guidelines for Americans is a science and population evidence-based guide on diet and physical activity, providing advice and recommendations to promote a healthier lifestyle and reduce the risk of chronic diseases, including cancer. These recommendations are supported by the comprehensive evidence-based review on diet and cancer prevention conducted by the American Institute for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, World Health Organization/International Agency for Research on Cancer, and others. However, influencing dietary effects are the individual genetic predispositions that are the basis for considerable interindividual variations in cancer risk within the population and in nutrient homeostasis, which is maintained by genomic-nutrient and metabolic-phenotype interactions. Although genetics is an important component, it accounts for only a portion of this variation. An individual's overall phenotype, including health status, is achieved and maintained by the sum of metabolic activities functioning under differing circumstances within the life cycle and the complex interactions among genotype, metabolic phenotype, and the environment. In this postgenomic era, high-throughput groups of technologies in genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics measure and analyze DNA sequences, RNA transcripts, proteins, and nutrient-metabolic fluxes in a single experiment. These advances have transformed biomarker studies on nutrient-gene interactions from a reductionist concept into a holistic practice in which many regulated genes involved in metabolism, along with its metabolic phenotypes, can be measured through functional genomics and metabolic profiling. The overall integration of data and information from the building blocks of metabolism-based nutrient-gene interaction can lead to future individualized dietary recommendations to diminish cancer risk.