The need for psychological restoration as a determinant of environmental preferences
The need for psychological restoration as a determinant of environmental preferences
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvp.2006.07.007
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Staats, Henk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hartig, Terry;Staats, Henk
环境偏好随评估环境和评估人员的不同而变化。当研究考虑个人变量的解释力时，它关注的是特征或人口特征。很少有研究考虑环境偏好如何随着经常发生的心理状态（例如注意力疲劳）而变化。在这个实验中，我们研究了心理恢复的必要性，作为自然环境和城市环境之间共同偏好差异的个体内部决定因素。我们将偏好视为一种态度，由对在给定环境中行走期间恢复的可能性的信念以及针对不同恢复需求的恢复评估组成。大学生（N = 103）在上午的讲座之前（疲劳情况较少）或下午的讲座之后立即完成该程序，下午的讲座本身是随着时间的推移和一天中其他活动的推移（疲劳情况较多）而进行的。在这两种疲劳情况下，参与者对在森林中散步的态度比在市中心散步更有利，但这种差异随着疲劳程度的增加而更大。这一结果显然归因于更疲劳的参与者对注意力恢复的更积极的评价，以及在森林中行走时恢复的可能性更大。 (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Environmental preferences vary with the environments evaluated and the people who evaluated them. When research has considered the explanatory power of person variables, it has focused on traits or demographic characteristics. Little research has considered how environmental preferences vary with regularly occurring psychological states, such as attentional fatigue. In this experiment, we investigated the need for psychological restoration as a within-individual determinant of the common preference differential between natural and urban environments. We treated preference as an attitude, constituted of beliefs about the likelihood of restoration during a walk in a given environment and the evaluation of restoration given different restoration needs. College students (N = 103) completed the procedure just before a morning lecture (less fatigue condition) or immediately after an afternoon lecture, which itself followed the passage of time and other activities over the day (more fatigue condition). In both fatigue conditions, participants reported more favorable attitudes toward a walk in a forest than a walk in a city center, but this difference was larger with the more fatigued. This result apparently owes to the more fatigued participants' more positive evaluation of attentional recovery, and a greater judged likelihood of restoration when walking in the forest. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.