EXPERIMENTAL MYOPIA IN A DIURNAL MAMMAL (SCIURUS-CAROLINENSIS) WITH NO ACCOMMODATIVE ABILITY
EXPERIMENTAL MYOPIA IN A DIURNAL MAMMAL (SCIURUS-CAROLINENSIS) WITH NO ACCOMMODATIVE ABILITY
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DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1993.sp019821
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发表时间：
1993-09-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
WILLIAMS, LR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MCBRIEN, NA;MOGHADDAM, HO;WILLIAMS, LR
1.用药理学和组织学方法研究了灰松鼠眼内肌的功能形态。应用拟交感神经药物(苯肾上腺素)和拟副交感神经药物(卡巴胆碱)，经角膜离子导入，记录虹膜括约肌、扩张肌和睫状肌的反应。测量技术包括用于测量眼屈光度的条纹检影验光和符合验光，以及用于监测眼内成分尺寸变化的高分辨率超声检查。灰松鼠被发现没有正常的调节系统。40%卡巴胆碱不能引起眼屈光状态或眼内大小的改变。局部应用苯肾上腺素(扩张)和卡巴胆碱(收缩)后，瞳孔直径发生了显著变化。组织学结果与药理学结果一致，显示虹膜括约肌和扩张肌发育良好，但睫状肌发育不良。对灰色松鼠眼睛焦深的计算表明，这足以解释近距离观看习惯的行为观察。然后，我们确定是否可以通过单眼模式视觉剥夺(MD)来诱导玻璃体房轴向延长和随之而来的近视。单眼模式视觉剥夺产生了显着的实验性近视，这是由于剥夺眼的玻璃体房轴向延长所致。结果表明，功能调节系统不是诱导灰松鼠实验性近视所必需的。
1. We examined the functional morphology of the intra-ocular muscles o t grey squirrel using pharmacological and histological methods. Using sympathomimetic (phenylephrine) and parasympathomimetic (carbachol) agents, administered by transcorneal iontophoresis, the response of the iris sphincter and dilator muscles and the ciliary muscle were recorded. Measurement techniques included both streak retinoscopy and coincidence optometry for measurement of ocular refraction and high resolution ultrasonography to monitor changes in the intra-ocular component dimensions.2. The grey squirrel was found not to possess a functional accommodative system. No change in ocular refraction or intra-ocular dimensions could be induced with 40% carbachol. Marked changes in pupil diameter occurred with topical application of both phenylephrine (dilation) and carbachol (constriction). Histological findings were in agreement with pharmacological findings in showing well developed iris sphincter and dilator muscles but only a poorly developed ciliary muscle.3. Calculation of the depth of focus of the grey squirrel eye reveals that this could be sufficient to account for the behavioural observations of near viewing habits.4. We then determined whether we could induce axial elongation of the vitreous chamber and a consequent myopia by monocular deprivation (MD) of pattern vision.5. Monocular deprivation of pattern vision produced a significant experimental myopia due to axial elongation of the vitreous chamber in the deprived eye.6. The results demonstrate that a functional accommodative system is not necessary to induce experimental myopia in the grey squirrel eye.