Pentobarbital decreased nitric oxide release in the rat striatum but ketamine increased the release independent of cholinergic regulation.
Pentobarbital decreased nitric oxide release in the rat striatum but ketamine increased the release independent of cholinergic regulation.
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DOI：
10.1538/expanim.61.165
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
K. Kimura-Kuroiwa;Y. Adachi;S. Mimuro;M. Kawamata;Shigehito Sato;N. Matsuda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Kimura-Kuroiwa;Y. Adachi;S. Mimuro;M. Kawamata;Shigehito Sato;N. Matsuda
戊巴比妥（PB）和氯胺酮（Ket）影响脑内神经递质的浓度。据报道，PB通过减少乙酰胆碱（ACh）释放降低细胞外一氧化氮（NO）浓度，而Ket通过增加ACh释放增加NO浓度。本文通过在体微透析实验研究了PB和Ket对大鼠纹状体NO释放的影响及其与ACh的关系。使用雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠。将微透析探针插入右侧纹状体，并用改良的林格氏液灌注。每15分钟收集样品并注入HPLC系统。大鼠自由活动，PB和Ket腹腔内给药。向灌注液中加入新斯的明（1和10 µM）和美加明（100 µM）。钙和镁的浓度进行了修改，每种麻醉剂影响乙酰胆碱释放。PB降低NO产物（NOx），而Ket增加它们。虽然灌注新斯的明对基线NOx浓度没有影响，但它在低浓度时减少了PB诱导的NOx还原，在高浓度时则消除了它。无镁灌注对基线NOx浓度没有影响，而低镁浓度灌注则拮抗PB诱导的NOx还原。美加明和无钙灌注对基线NOx浓度和Ket诱导的NOx增加没有影响。PB可能通过减少ACh释放而减少NO释放，而Ket可能独立于ACh调节而增加NO释放。
Pentobarbital (PB) and ketamine (Ket) influence the concentration of neurotransmitters in the brain. PB has been reported to decrease the extracellular nitric oxide (NO) concentration through a decrease in acetylcholine (ACh) release, while Ket has been shown to increase the NO concentration via an increase in ACh release. Here, we investigated effects of PB and Ket on NO release and the relationship between NO and ACh in the rat striatum by in vivo microdialysis experiments. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. A microdialysis probe was inserted into the right striatum and perfused with modified Ringer's solution. Samples were collected every 15 min and injected into an HPLC system. The rats were freely moving, and PB and Ket were administered intraperitoneally. Neostigmine (1 and 10 µM) and mecamylamine (100 µM) were added to the perfusate. Calcium and magnesium concentrations were modified for each anesthetic to influence ACh release. PB decreased NO products (NOx) while Ket increased them. While perfusion with neostigmine showed no effect on baseline NOx concentrations, it diminished the PB-induced NOx reduction at low concentrations and abolished it at high concentrations. Magnesium-free perfusion had no effect on baseline NOx concentrations, whereas perfusion at a low magnesium concentration antagonized the PB-induced NOx reduction. Mecamylamine and calcium-free perfusion had no effect on baseline NOx concentrations and Ket-induced NOx increases. PB may decrease NO release through reduction in ACh release, whereas Ket may increase NO release independent of ACh regulation.