Effect of symbiotic supplemented diet on innate-adaptive immune response, cytokine gene regulation and antioxidant property in Labeo rohita against Aeromonas hydrophila
Effect of symbiotic supplemented diet on innate-adaptive immune response, cytokine gene regulation and antioxidant property in Labeo rohita against Aeromonas hydrophila
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fsi.2019.04.036
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Balasundaram, Chellam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Devi, Gunapathy;Harikrishnan, Ramasamy;Balasundaram, Chellam
据报道，添加益生菌、益生元或共生补充剂的饮食可增强抗氧化特性、促炎和/或抗炎细胞因子基因转录、先天适应性免疫、生长速度和饲料消化率，并且在 Labeo rohita 中针对嗜水气单胞菌的健康组和感染组（两组）中死亡率非常低或没有。益生菌饮食在第 6 周或之后显着增加了白细胞 (WBC) 计数和球蛋白 (GB) 水平，而使用共生饮食则两组的白细胞 (WBC) 计数和球蛋白 (GB) 水平均在两周前出现增加；当在第 6 周和第 8 周喂食益生菌饮食时，总蛋白 (TP) 水平也显着增加，而在共生饮食中，总蛋白 (TP) 水平在第 4 周早些时候就出现了显着增加。第6周和第8周，两组饲喂益生菌的血清吞噬活性（PA）、呼吸爆发活性（RBA）、补体C3（CC3）水平、替代补体途径（ACP）、溶菌酶活性（LA）和头肾（HK）白细胞中的免疫球蛋白M（IgM）水平均显着升高（P < 0.05）；第 2-8 周采用共生饮食；但仅在第 8 周进行益生元饮食。益生菌饮食后，超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 和过氧化氢酶 (CAT) 活性在第 6 周和第 8 周显着增加 (P < 0.05)；从第 4-8 周开始使用共生饮食，但仅在第 8 周使用益生元饮食。然而，第 6 周和第 8 周益生菌饮食以及第 4-8 周共生饮食的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPx) 活性显着增加 (P < 0.05)。当健康的鱼用任何补充饲料喂养 30 天时，没有死亡，而在用共生、益生菌和益生元补充饲料喂养的感染组中观察到 5%、10% 和 10% 的死亡率。在头肾 (HK) 白细胞中，当第 6 周和第 8 周饲喂益生菌饮食、第 4-8 周饲喂共生饮食、而仅在第 8 周饲喂益生元饮食时，两组的 IL-1 β、IL-8、TNF-α 和 NF-κ B 基因转录均显着上调。在第 6 周和第 8 周，喂食益生菌和共生饮食的两组中 iNOS 表达均显着上调；然而，无论哪种饮食，IL-10 和 TGF-β 基因的相对表达都会下调。本研究表明，在 L. rohita 中，与益生菌或益生元饮食相比，在 L. rohita 中，共生饮食可更早地引发抗氧化活性、先天适应性免疫反应、免疫相关细胞因子基因调节和疾病保护（即第 4 周）。
Administration of probiotic, prebiotic or symbiotic supplemented diets boosts the antioxidant property, pro and/or anti-inflammatory cytokine gene transcription, innate-adaptive immunity, growth rate and feed digestibility with very low or no mortality in healthy and infected (both groups) in Labeo rohita against Aeromonas hydrophila is reported. The probiotic diet increased the white blood cell (WBC) count and globulin (GB) level significantly on or after 6th week whereas with the symbiotic diet the increase was noted two weeks earlier in both groups; the total protein (TP) level also increased significantly when fed with probiotic diet on weeks 6 and 8, whereas with symbiotic diet the significant increase manifested earlier at 4th week itself. The serum phagocytic activity (PA), respiratory burst activity (RBA), complement C3 (CC3) level, alternative complement pathway (ACP), lysozyme activity (LA), and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels in head kidney (HK) leucocytes increased significantly (P < 0.05) in both groups fed with probiotic diet on weeks 6 and 8; with symbiotic diet from weeks 2-8; but with prebiotic diet only on 8th week. With probiotic diet the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities increased significantly (P < 0.05) on weeks 6 and 8; with symbiotic diet from weeks 4-8 but the prebiotics diet only on 8th week. However, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity increased significantly (P < 0.05) with probiotic diet on weeks 6 and 8 and with symbiotic diet from weeks 4-8. When healthy fish fed with any supplementation diet for a period of 30 days there was no mortality while 5%, 10%, and 10% mortality was observed in infected group fed with symbiotic, probiotic, and prebiotic supplementation diets. In head kidney (HK) leucocytes, the IL-1 beta, IL-8, TNF-alpha, and NF-kappa B gene transcriptions were significantly up-regulation in both groups when fed with probiotic diet on weeks 6 and 8, symbiotic diet from weeks 4-8 while the prebiotic diet only on 8th week. The iNOS expression was up-regulation significantly in both groups fed with probiotic and symbiotic diets on weeks 6 and 8; however, with any diet, the relative IL-10 and TGF-beta gene expressions were down-regulated. The present study suggested that dietary administration of symbiotic diet elicited earlier antioxidant activity, innate-adaptive immune response, immune related cytokine gene modulation, and disease protection earlier i.e. on 4th week than with probiotic or prebiotic diets in L. rohita against A. hydrophila.