Probing force and the relationship of the probe tip to the periodontal tissues
Probing force and the relationship of the probe tip to the periodontal tissues
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探测力以及探针尖端与牙周组织的关系
DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-051x.1979.tb02189.x
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发表时间：
1979
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
U. Velden
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
U. Velden
抽象的。最近发现，凹坑深度的增加与探测力的增加有关。本研究的目的是调查牙袋深度测量中是否存在平台值，并研究在不同探测力下探针尖端相对于牙周纤维和牙槽骨的位置。本研究选择了两组患者；在一组中，由于牙周原因必须拔除多颗牙齿（拔牙组），而在另一组中，需要进行一次牙周手术（手术组）。所有患者都接受了初步治疗，包括牙菌斑控制和去除龈下沉积物。在研究时，通过新的指数——牙周袋出血指数（P.P.B.I.）来评估牙龈状况。标准是：0-用0.75N的力探查后牙袋没有出血，1-用0.75N的力探查后30秒内牙袋出血。拔牙组局部麻醉后，用圆柱形金刚石车针切削平行于实验牙长轴的参考标记。通过压力探头，以 0.50、0.75、1.00 和 1.25N 的增量力进行袋深度测量。在提取牙周纤维残余物并染色后，测量从最冠状部完整的结缔组织纤维到参考标记的最顶端点的距离。在使用相同压力探头的手术组中，从修复体的根尖边缘到袋底部，以逐渐增加的力0.50、0.75、1.00和1.25N进行邻间测量。翻起皮瓣后，重复进行相同的测量，这次是测量牙槽骨的顶部。
P.P.B.I 的结果结果表明，口腔卫生程序导致手术组的平均指数为 0.36，拔牙组的平均指数为 0.43。本研究结果表明：1) 使用直径为 0.63 mm 的探针，临床牙周袋深度测量的最佳力水平为 0.75N，2) 0.75N 的力在临床上具有良好的耐受性，患者很少有异议，3) 当使用 0.75N 的探测力时，浅牙周袋和深牙周袋中的探针尖端均位于最冠状部完整的结缔组织纤维处，4)当采用 1.25N 的探测力时，可发现袋深度测量中的平台值，并且 5) 结缔组织附着物的平均宽度约为 1.9 mm。
Abstract. Recently an increasing pocket depth was found to be related to an increasing probing force. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether or not a plateau value in pocket depth measurements exists and to study, with different probing forces, the location of the tip of the probe in relation to the periodontal fibers and the alveolar bone. Two groups of patients were selected for this study; in one group a number of teeth had to be extracted for periodontal reasons (the extraction group) and in the other a single periodontal surgical procedure was required (the surgery group). All patients received preliminary treatment consisting of plaque control and removal of subgingival deposits. At the time of the investigation the gingival condition was assessed by means of a new index, the Periodontal Pocket Bleeding Index (P.P.B.I.) The criteria were: 0 - no bleeding of the pocket after probing with a force of 0.75N, and 1 - bleeding of the pocket within 30 sec after probing with a force of 0.75N. After local anesthesia in the extraction group, reference marks parallel to the long axis of the experimental teeth were cut with a cylindrical diamond burr. By means of the pressure probe, pocket depth measurements were performed with increasing forces of 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 and 1.25N. After extraction and staining of the remnants of the periodontal fibers, the distance from the most coronal intact connective tissue fibers to the most apical point of the reference marks was measured. In the surgery group using the same pressure probe, interproximal measurements with increasing forces of 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 and 1.25N were made from the apical border of the restorations to the bottom of the pocket. The same measurement, this time to the crest of the alveolar bone, was repeated after a flap had been raised.
Results with the P.P.B.I. showed that oral hygiene procedures resulted in a mean index of 0.36 in the surgery group and 0.43 in the extraction group. The results of the present study indicated that 1) using a probe of 0.63 mm diameter, the optimal force level for clinical pocket depth measurements is 0.75N, 2) a force of 0.75N is clinically well tolerated and meets with few objections from patients, 3) when a probing force of 0.75N is used the tip of the probe in both shallow and deep periodontal pockets is located at the most coronal intact connective tissue fibers, 4) a plateau value in pocket depth measurements is found when a probing force of 1.25N is employed, and 5) the mean width of the connective tissue attachment is approximately 1.9 mm.