Prevalence and risk factors for delayed-onset hearing loss in early childhood: A population-based observational study in Okayama Prefecture, Japan
Prevalence and risk factors for delayed-onset hearing loss in early childhood: A population-based observational study in Okayama Prefecture, Japan
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110298
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发表时间：
2020-11-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Nishizaki, Kazunori
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kataoka, Yuko;Maeda, Yukihide;Nishizaki, Kazunori
目的：本研究的目的是利用冈山县数据库以及冈山金成谷学园（OKG，日本冈山县听力障碍儿童听觉中心）的记录，回顾性记录通过新生儿听力筛查 (NHS) 计划后 7 岁以下儿童迟发性听力损失 (DOHL) 的患病率。我们探讨了接受 NHS 的所有儿童中患有 DOHL 的儿童的百分比，并调查了从临床记录中提取的危险因素。方法：我们收集了 1171 名儿童的数据，这些儿童于 2006 年 4 月至 2018 年 3 月期间首次就诊 OKG。DOHL 儿童的定义是出生时通过 NHS 后被诊断为 7 岁以下的双侧听力障碍儿童。根据医疗记录，我们调查了诊断时的年龄、听力水平和危险因素。以 168,104 名儿童为基础数据，回顾性计算 2005 年 4 月至 2017 年 3 月冈山县接受 NHS 的儿童总数中 DOHL 受试者的百分比。 结果：在此期间，我们识别出 96 名双侧 DOHL 儿童，其中 34 名儿童单侧未通过 NHS，62 名儿童双侧通过 NHS。在冈山县接受 NHS 的所有儿童中，单侧转诊婴儿的 DOHL 患病率为 5.2%，双侧转诊婴儿的 DOHL 患病率为 0.037%。双侧 DOHL 总体患病率为 0.057%。单侧转诊的 DOHL 儿童平均在 13.9 个月时被诊断出来，而双侧转诊的 DOHL 儿童平均在 42.3 个月时被诊断出来。大约 59.4% 的 DOHL 儿童存在危险因素，其中听力损失家族史最为常见。结论：我们提出了第一份关于日本县人口 DOHL 患病率的英文报告，这是迄今为止报告的最大的社区人口之一。 NHS 并不是检测所有儿童早期听力损失的完美策略；因此，建议在整个童年时期仔细评估听力，尤其是有听力损失危险因素的儿童。必须制定进一步的干预策略，例如对高危儿童进行定期听力筛查以及对公共社区和幼儿园的听力和言语/语言发展进行评估。
Objectives: The aim of this study was to retrospectively document prevalence rates of delayed-onset hearing loss (DOHL) under 7 years old after passing the newborn hearing screening (NHS) program using its database in Okayama Prefecture, as well as records from Okayama Kanariya Gakuen (OKG, Auditory Center for Hearing Impaired Children, Okayama Prefecture, Japan). We explored the percentage of children with DOHL among all children who underwent the NHS and surveyed risk factors abstracted from their clinical records.Methods: We collected data of 1171 children, who first visited OKG from April 2006 to March 2018. DOHL children were defined as bilaterally hearing-impaired children who were diagnosed under 7 years old after passing the NHS at birth. Based on the medical records, we investigated age at diagnosis, hearing levels, and risk factors. As population-based data of 168,104 children, the percentage of DOHL subjects was retrospectively calculated among the total number of children who underwent the NHS in Okayama Prefecture from April 2005 to March 2017.Results: During the period, we identified 96 children with bilateral DOHL, of which 34 children had failed the NHS unilaterally and 62 had passed the NHS bilaterally. Among all children who underwent the NHS in Okayama Prefecture, the prevalence rate of DOHL in unilaterally referred infants was 5.2%, and 0.037% in bilaterally passed children. The prevalence of bilateral DOHL was 0.057% overall. Unilaterally referred children with DOHL were diagnosed at an average of 13.9 months, while bilaterally passed children with DOHL were diagnosed at an average of 42.3 months. Approximately 59.4% of children with DOHL had risk factors, among which family history of hearing loss was the most frequent.Conclusion: We propose the first English report of DOHL prevalence in the prefecture population in Japann, which is among the largest community-based population ever reported. The NHS is not a perfect strategy to detect all early-childhood hearing loss; therefore, careful assessment of hearing throughout childhood is recommended, especially in children with risk factors of hearing loss. Further interventional strategies must be established, such as regular hearing screening in high-risk children and assessments of hearing and speech/language development in public communities and nursery schools.