Characterization, concentrations and emission rates of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the exhaust emissions from in-service vehicles in Damascus
Characterization, concentrations and emission rates of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the exhaust emissions from in-service vehicles in Damascus
复制标题
大马士革在用车辆尾气中多环芳烃的特征、浓度和排放率
DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.08.003
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
M. Dimashki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farouk Alkurdi;F. Karabet;M. Dimashki
机动车是城市大气中多环芳烃（PAH）排放的重要来源。提高对移动的源中PAH排放特征的认识是确定减少机动车PAH排放的可行方法的关键。关于叙利亚城市大气中多环芳烃排放水平的数据非常有限，目前也没有关于该国不同燃烧源的多环芳烃排放水平的数据。本研究的目的是确定在大马士革市的道路上运行的轻型和重型车辆的废气排放中的多环芳烃的配置文件和浓度。沿着不同年龄组选择了三种不同类型的车辆（乘用汽车、小型货车和公共汽车）。气相和颗粒相多环芳烃收集的车辆尾气中的六个在役车辆（有/无催化转化器）。高效液相色谱系统，配备了紫外-可见和荧光检测器，用于识别和定量的PAH化合物的清洁提取物中收集的样品。从所有类型的研究车辆的总PAH排放量（15种化合物的总和）的平均浓度范围为69.28±1.06μg/m3的乘用汽车装有催化转化器和2169.41±5.17μg/m3的旧柴油巴士没有污染控制。总苯并（a）芘当量（∑B[a]Peq）值介于1.868μg/m3和37.652μg/m3之间。在这项研究中获得的结果表明，催化转化器的使用导致更清洁的废气成分和排放的特性是不同于那些在没有催化转化器。
Motor vehicles are significant sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions to the urban atmosphere. Improved understanding of PAH emission profiles in mobile sources is the key to determining the viable approach for reducing PAH emissions from motor vehicles. Very limited data is available on the levels of PAH emissions in the urban atmospheres in Syria and no data are currently available on the level of PAH emissions from different combustion sources in the country. The aim of this study was to determine the profile and concentration of PAH in exhaust emissions of light and heavy-duty vehicles running on the roads of Damascus city. Three different types of vehicles (passenger cars, minivans and buses) were selected along with different age groups. Vapor- and particulate-phase PAH were collected from the vehicular exhausts of six in-service vehicles (with/without catalytic converters). High-performance liquid chromatography system, equipped with UV–Visible and fluorescence detectors, was used for the identification and quantification of PAH compounds in the cleaned extracts of the collected samples. The mean concentration of total PAH emissions (sum of 15 compounds) from all types of studied vehicles ranged between 69.28±1.06μg/m3for passenger cars equipped with catalytic converters and 2169.41±5.17μg/m3for old diesel buses without pollution controls. Values of total benzo(a)pyrene equivalent (∑B[a]Peq) ranged between 1.868μg/m3and 37.652μg/m3. The results obtained in this study showed that the use of catalytic converters resulted into cleaner exhaust compositions and emissions with characteristics that are distinct from those obtained in the absence of catalytic converters.