Management of boars for efficient semen production.
Management of boars for efficient semen production.
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DOI：
10.1530/biosciprocs.15.005
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发表时间：
2020-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
W. Flowers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Flowers
持续生产大量可育精液是公猪管理计划的主要关注点。常见的视觉测试，如运动性，是射精能力的不良指标。研究表明，一般而言，如果活动力为60%或更高，则活动精子的百分比、体外精子穿透率、分娩率和窝仔数之间没有关系。影响精子总数产生的生物和环境因素有抑制性和刺激性。慢性营养不良和热应激抑制精子发生，而光周期和遗传因素是刺激的。一个一致的光周期刺激效应似乎并不发生在所有的环境条件下。相比之下，选择增加睾丸大小一贯导致更大的精子产量。此外，热应激和营养不良会降低性欲。然而，在青春期发育期间，不能让公猪与其他猪进行社会交往似乎是最具破坏性的因素。有效的公猪管理方案必须尽量减少发生的因素，对精子发生产生不利影响，同时强调那些具有刺激作用。
Consistent production of large quantities of fertile semen is a primary concern of boar management programmes. Common visual tests such as motility are poor indicators of the fertilizing capacity of an ejaculate. Research studies have demonstrated that, in general, if motility is 60% or greater, there are no relationships among the percentage of motile spermatozoa, in vitro sperm penetration rates, farrowing rates and litter size. Biological and environmental factors that influence the production of total numbers of spermatozoa are either inhibitory or stimulatory. Chronic undernutrition and heat stress inhibit spermatogenesis, while photoperiod and genetic factors are stimulatory. A consistent stimulatory effect of photoperiod does not appear to occur under all environmental conditions. In contrast, selection for increased testis size consistently results in greater sperm production. In addition, libido is decreased by heat stress and undernutrition. However, failure to allow boars to interact socially with other pigs during pubertal development appears to be the most damaging factor. Effective boar management programmes must minimize the occurrence of factors that adversely affect spermatogenesis and simultaneously accentuate those with a stimulatory role.