CHLOROPLAST AS A COMPLETE PHOTOSYNTHETIC UNIT
CHLOROPLAST AS A COMPLETE PHOTOSYNTHETIC UNIT
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DOI：
10.1126/science.122.3157.9
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发表时间：
1955-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
ARNON, DI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ARNON, DI
分离的整个叶绿体在完全依赖于光的反应中固定CO2，同时进化出氧气，光合商为1。淀粉和可溶性化合物。(a)果糖、葡萄糖、核酮糖、二羟基丙酮的磷酸酯；(b)乙醇酸、苹果酸和天冬氨酸的磷酸酯；(c)丙氨酸、甘氨酸和游离二羟基丙酮的产物。叶绿体似乎拥有完成光合作用所需的所有酶。实验分离光合作用的三个阶段，即植物分解、磷酸化和二氧化碳固定形成碳水化合物，很容易通过叶绿体的分离来完成。提出植物分解产生的氢在连续的步骤中与O重组，每一步将一部分电子能量转化为磷酸键能。形成的三磷酸腺苷放弃了它的能量，特别是在碳水化合物形成过程中将羧基还原为羰基时。到目前为止，黄素单核苷酸、维生素K和抗坏血酸已被确定为磷酸化电子阶梯中可能的电子载体。
Isolated whole chloroplasts fixed CO2 with a simultaneous evolution of oxygen in a reaction which was entirely light dependent and with a photosynthetic quotient of 1. Starch and the soluble comps. (a) phosphate esters of fructose, glucose, ribulose, dihydroxyacetone, (b) glycolic, malic, and aspartic acids (c) alanine, glycine, and free dihydroxyacetone were identified as products. Chloroplasts appear to have all the enzymes needed for complete photosynthesis. Experimental separation of the three phases of photosynthesis, namely, phytolysis, phosphorylation, and CO2 fixation to form carbohydrate is readily accomplished with the isolation of chloroplasts. It is proposed that the hydrogen from phytolysis proceeds toward recombination with O in successive steps, each step transforming a portion of the electron energy into phosphate bond energy. The adenosine triphosphate formed gives up its energy especially for the reduction of carboxyl to carbonyl groups in carbohydrate formation. Flavin mononucleotide, vitamin K and ascorbates have been identified so far as probable electron carriers in the electron ladder of phosphorylation.