To what extent can decommissioning options for marine artificial structures move us toward environmental targets?
To what extent can decommissioning options for marine artificial structures move us toward environmental targets?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119644
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发表时间：
2023-11-23
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Somerfield，Paul J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knights，Antony M.;Lemasson，Anaelle J.;Somerfield，Paul J.
从化石燃料转向可再生能源是国际能源转型努力和实现净零目标的关键。对于许多国家来说，这需要让海洋环境中的数百个石油和天然气基础设施退役。目前的国际、区域和国家立法在很大程度上规定，结构必须在使用寿命结束时完全拆除，尽管正在越来越多地推广和实施替代退役选择。然而，缺乏描述退役对环境影响的真实案例研究，使得关于哪种选择(S)可能是实现国际和区域战略环境目标的最佳选择的决策具有挑战性。为了解决这一差距，我们汇集了海洋环境科学家关于海洋人工结构的国际专业知识和判断，作为另一种证据来源，探索不同的退役选择如何可能改善推动环境状况向环境目标靠拢(或背离)的压力。综合显示，对于37个联合国和奥斯陆-巴黎委员会(奥斯陆-巴黎委员会)的全球和区域环境目标，专家们认为重新调整用途或放弃单个结构，或放弃整个区域的多个结构，是最有助于实现目标的备选方案。这一集体观点表明，完全拆除可能对环境或社会不是最好的。然而，不同的退役选择以不同的方式发挥作用，并对环境目标做出不同的贡献，因此政策制定者和管理者可能需要考虑政治、社会、经济和生态背景，将一些目标优先于其他目标。当前的政策可能不会为环境或社会带来最佳结果。
Switching from fossil fuels to renewable energy is key to international energy transition efforts and the move toward net zero. For many nations, this requires decommissioning of hundreds of oil and gas infrastructure in the marine environment. Current international, regional and national legislation largely dictates that structures must be completely removed at end-of-life although, increasingly, alternative decommissioning options are being promoted and implemented. Yet, a paucity of real-world case studies describing the impacts of decommissioning on the environment make decision-making with respect to which option(s) might be optimal for meeting international and regional strategic environmental targets challenging. To address this gap, we draw together international expertise and judgment from marine environmental scientists on marine artificial structures as an alternative source of evidence that explores how different decommissioning options might ameliorate pressures that drive environmental status toward (or away) from environmental objectives. Synthesis reveals that for 37 United Nations and Oslo-Paris Commissions (OSPAR) global and regional environmental targets, experts consider repurposing or abandoning individual structures, or abandoning multiple structures across a region, as the options that would most strongly contribute toward targets. This collective view suggests complete removal may not be best for the environment or society. However, different decommissioning options act in different ways and make variable contributions toward environmental targets, such that policy makers and managers would likely need to prioritise some targets over others considering political, social, economic, and ecological contexts. Current policy may not result in optimal outcomes for the environment or society.