Recent structural insights into the expanding world of carbohydrate-active enzymes
Recent structural insights into the expanding world of carbohydrate-active enzymes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.sbi.2005.10.008
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Henrissat, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davies, GJ;Gloster, TM;Henrissat, B
催化糖苷键合成和分解的酶占大多数生物体基因组编码的蛋白质的1-3%。按照目前的速度，2006年将出现超过12000个糖基转移酶和糖苷水解酶开放阅读框架。这些碳水化合物活性酶的结构和机制的研究的最新进展表明，糖苷水解酶继续显示各种各样的支架，而核苷酸糖依赖性糖基转移酶往往被嫁接到只有两个蛋白质折叠。在过去的两年里，唾液酸酶的研究取得了显著的进展，包括发现了一种新的NAD（+）依赖的糖苷酶作用机制，对唾液酸酶的反应坐标进行了剖析，以及对辅助糖结合结构域的扩展作用有了更好的理解。
Enzymes that catalyse the synthesis and breakdown of glycosidic bonds account for 1-3% of the proteins encoded by the genomes of most organisms. At the current rate, over 12 000 glycosyltransferase and glycoside hydrolase open reading frames will appear during 2006. Recent advances in the study of the structure and mechanism of these carbohydrate-active enzymes reveal that glycoside hydrolases continue to display a wide variety of scaffolds, whereas nucleotide-sugar-dependent glycosyltransferases tend to be grafted onto just two protein folds. The past two years have seen significant advances, including the discovery of a novel NAD(+)-dependent glycosidase mechanism, the dissection of the reaction coordinate of sialidases and a better understanding of the expanding roles of auxiliary carbohydrate-binding domains.