Moderate visual impairment in India: the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study
Moderate visual impairment in India: the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1136/bjo.86.4.373
复制
发表时间：
2002-04-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Rao, GN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dandona, R;Dandona, L;Rao, GN
目的：评估印度南部安得拉邦人口中度视力障碍的患病率和人口统计学相关性。方法：采用分层、随机、整群、系统抽样策略，从安得拉邦 1 个城市和 3 个农村地区的 94 个群体中，对 11 786 名各个年龄段的人进行了抽样。邀请符合条件的人接受采访并由经过培训的专业人员进行详细的散瞳检查。中度视力障碍定义为远视力低于 6/18 至 6/60 或较好眼的同等视野丧失。结果：在样本中，有 10 293 人 (87.3%) 参与了这项研究。除了之前报道的 1.84% 的失明患病率（表现为远视力低于 6/60 或较好眼的中心视野低于 20 度）之外，该样本中还有 1237 人患有中度视力障碍，调整后的患病率为 8.09%（95% Cl 6.89 至 9.30%）。这种中度视力障碍大部分是由屈光不正（45.8%）和白内障（39.9%）引起的。年龄增加、女性性别、社会经济地位下降和居住地区农村地区与中度视力障碍相关的几率显着更高。结论：这些数据表明，除了失明之外，该人群还存在中度视力障碍的显着负担。将这些数据外推到印度人口表明，2000 年印度有 8200 万人患有中度视力障碍，如果目前的趋势持续下去，到 2020 年这一数字可能会达到 1.39 亿。除了应对失明问题外，在估计印度的眼部护理需求时，还必须考虑中度视力障碍即将带来的巨大负担，其中大部分是由于相对容易治疗的屈光不正和白内障造成的。必须长期实施针对老年人口、社会经济地位较低的人、农村地区的人和女性的具体战略，以减少中度视力障碍。
Aim: To assess the prevalence and demographic associations of moderate visual impairment in the population of the southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.Methods: From 94 clusters in one urban and three rural areas of Andhra Pradesh, 11 786 people of all ages were sampled using a stratified, random, cluster, systematic sampling strategy. The eligible people were invited for interview and detailed dilated eye examination by trained professionals. Moderate visual impairment was defined as presenting distance visual acuity less than 6/18 to 6/60 or equivalent visual field loss in the better eye.Results: Of those sampled, 10 293 (87.3%) people participated in the study. In addition to the previously reported 1.84% prevalence of blindness (presenting distance visual acuity less than 6/60 or central visual field less than 20degrees in the better eye) in this sample, 1237 people had moderate visual impairment, an adjusted prevalence of 8.09% (95% Cl 6.89 to 9.30%). The majority of this moderate visual impairment was caused by refractive error (45.8%) and cataract (39.9%). Increasing age, female sex, decreasing socioeconomic status, and rural area of residence had significantly higher odds of being associated with moderate visual impairment.Conclusions: These data suggest that there is a significant burden of moderate visual impairment in this population in addition to blindness. Extrapolation of these data to the population of India suggests that there were 82 million people with moderate visual impairment in the year 2000, and this number is likely to be 139 million by the year 2020 if the current trend continues. This impending large burden of moderate visual impairment, the majority of which is due to the relatively easily treatable refractive error and cataract, would have to be taken into account while estimating the eye care needs in India, in addition to dealing with blindness. Specific strategies targeting the elderly population, people with low socioeconomic status, those living in the rural areas, and females would have to be implemented in the long term to reduce moderate visual impairment.