Mental health literacy in an educational elite -- an online survey among university students.
Mental health literacy in an educational elite -- an online survey among university students.
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教育精英中的心理健康素养 - 大学生的在线调查。
DOI：
10.1186/1471-2458-5-44
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发表时间：
2005-05-09
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Rossler, Wulf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lauber, Christoph;Ajdacic-Gross, Vladeta;Fritschi, Nadja;Stulz, Niklaus;Rossler, Wulf
心理健康素养是早期识别和干预精神障碍的先决条件。本文的目的是确定大学生样本是否识别出抑郁症和精神分裂症的不同症状，并揭示影响正确识别的因素。对大学生在线调查 (n = 225) 结果的双变量和对应分析。大多数参与者都认识到抑郁症的具体症状。人们对精神分裂症症状的认识程度较低。控制妄想和味觉幻觉并未被确定为精神分裂症的症状。抑郁症的创伤反复复活和精神分裂症的人格分裂经常被误认为是各自疾病的症状。双变量分析表明，以前对精神障碍的兴趣和副业，以及以前的个人治疗经历对症状识别有积极影响。对应分析显示，自然科学、经济学和哲学专业的男学生对抑郁症和精神分裂症的症状认识不足。在教育精英中，心理健康素养存在很大差异。因此，公共心理健康干预措施必须关注抑郁症和精神分裂症的不同识别率。必须根据兴趣和活动（例如工作）安排联系的可能性。最后，为了提高心理健康素养，教育和/或实习应纳入高中或学徒课程。必须特别强调性别和对精神疾病的陈规定型观念的影响。
Mental health literacy is a prerequisite for early recognition and intervention in mental disorders. The aims of this paper are to determine whether a sample of university students recognise different symptoms of depression and schizophrenia and to reveal factors influencing correct recognition. Bivariate and correspondence analyses of the results from an online survey among university students (n = 225). Most participants recognised the specific symptoms of depression. The symptoms of schizophrenia were acknowledged to a lower extent. Delusions of control and hallucinations of taste were not identified as symptoms of schizophrenia. Repeated revival of a trauma for depression and split personality for schizophrenia were frequently mistaken as symptoms of the respective disorders. Bivariate analyses demonstrated that previous interest in and a side job related to mental disorders, as well as previous personal treatment experience had a positive influence on symptom recognition. The correspondence analysis showed that male students of natural science, economics and philosophy are illiterate in recognising the symptoms depression and schizophrenia. Among the educational elite, a wide variability in mental health literacy was found. Therefore, it's important for public mental health interventions to focus on the different recognition rates in depression and schizophrenia. Possibilities for contact must be arranged according to interest and activity (e.g., at work). In order to improve mental health literacy, finally, education and/or internship should be integrated in high school or apprenticeship curricula. Special emphasis must be given towards the effects of gender and stereotypes held about mental illnesses.