RECONSTRUCTIVE TOMOGRAPHY AND APPLICATIONS TO ULTRASONICS
RECONSTRUCTIVE TOMOGRAPHY AND APPLICATIONS TO ULTRASONICS
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DOI：
10.1109/proc.1979.11284
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发表时间：
1979-01-01
影响因子：
20.6
通讯作者：
WADE, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MUELLER, RK;KAVEH, M;WADE, G
计算机技术给放射学带来了一场革命。通过将计算机与X射线相结合，（原则上）可以获得人体任何横截面的断层图像。这些技术现在被用于世界上所有主要医院的医疗诊断。但是X射线并不是计算机辅助断层扫描唯一可行的辐射类型。微波、电子束、超声波、来自加速器的快速亚原子粒子、来自正电子湮灭等源的伽马射线，甚至磁场也可以使用。本文主要讨论超声。声能通常可以提供X射线或其他类型辐射无法提供的横截面视图。声学和弹性不连续性的映射可以预期给出与X射线吸收和散射系数的映射基本上不同的图案。讨论了超声层析成像的几种方法，包括基于几何光学的方法和多普勒定向方法。本文的主要部分涉及介绍考虑衍射效应的方法。由于波长的差异，这些效应对超声波比X射线更重要。
Computer technology has brought about a revolution in radiology. By combining the computer with X rays it is possible (in principle) to obtain tomographic images of any cross section in the human body. These techniques are now used for medical diagnosis in all the major hospitals of the world. But X rays are not the only kind of radiation for which computer-assisted tomography is feasible. Microwaves, electron beams, ultrasound, fast subatomic particles from accelerators, gamma rays from such sources as positron annihilation, and even magnetic fields can also be used. This paper is mainly concerned with ultrasound. Acoustic energy can often give a view of a cross section not available with X rays or other types of radiation. A mapping of acoustic and elastic discontinuities can be expected to give a basically different pattern than a mapping of X-ray absorption and scattering coefficients. Several methods of ultrasonic tomography are discussed including methods based on geometric optics and a Doppler-oriented approach. A major portion of the paper is concerned with introducing ways to take into account diffraction effects. Because of the wavelength differences, these effects are far more important for ultrasound than for X rays.