FIELD APPLICATIONS OF COLLETOTRICHUM-ORBICULARE TO CONTROL XANTHIUM-SPINOSUM
FIELD APPLICATIONS OF COLLETOTRICHUM-ORBICULARE TO CONTROL XANTHIUM-SPINOSUM
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DOI：
10.1016/0167-8809(90)90168-d
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发表时间：
1990-10-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
ANDREWS, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
AULD, BA;SAY, MM;ANDREWS, J
真菌病原菌轮纹炭疽菌正在被评估为用于防治苍耳、巴瑟斯特毛刺病或多刺苍耳病的真菌除草剂的基础。继1987/88年夏季进行初步小区田间应用后，1988/89年夏季在四个地点进行了106或107个孢子ml-1的水生孢子悬浮液的应用。这些地点包括一块旱地牧场，一块灌溉的大豆田，以及两个用田间盆栽中的脊椎菌来评估人工露水效果的地点。灭鼠百分率在50%~100%之间，以旱地放牧地效果最好(98%~100%)。在其中一个移栽地点，提供18h的人工露期可确保在随后的高环境温度下100%杀灭棘突圆线虫，而经历自然露期(0.3h)的植物的杀灭率为50%。随着高湿时段的增加，轮纹夜蛾的药效呈增加趋势。将孢子悬浮液配制成蒸发率低的产品，对于获得一致的防治轮枝菌的效果，特别是在脊椎菌范围的西部地区，可以发挥重要作用。
The fungal pathogens Colletotrichum orbiculare is being assessed as the basis for a mycoherbicide for biological control of Xanthium spinosum, Bathurst burr or spiny cockleburr. Following preliminary small plot field applications in summer 1987/88, applications of aqueous spore suspensions of 106 or 107 spores ml-1 were made at four site in summer 1988/89. The sites included a dryland pasture, an irrigated soybean field and two sites at which the effect of artificial dew was assessed using X. spinosum in pots in the field. Percentage kills ranged from 50 to 100%; the best results (98-100%) being obtained at the dryland grazing site. At one of the transplant sites provision of an artificial dew peroid of 18 h ensured 100% kill of X. spinosum under subsequent high ambient temperatures compared with 50% kill for plants experiencing the natural dew period (0.3 h). The efficacy of C. orbiculare tended to increase with increasing periods of high humidity. The formulation of a spore suspension into a product with a low evaporation rate could play a major role in achieving consistently effective results with C. orbiculare particularly in the western part of the range of X. spinosum.