Working memory and retrieval: a resource-dependent inhibition model.
Working memory and retrieval: a resource-dependent inhibition model.
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工作记忆和检索：资源依赖的抑制模型。
DOI：
10.1037//0096-3445.123.4.354
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Engle,RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conway,AR;Engle,RW
四个实验研究了工作记忆（WM）容量的个体差异，以及这些差异如何影响从初级和次级记忆中提取的表现。结果表明，工作记忆的差异只出现在初级记忆的提取，然后只有在条件下，导致干扰或反应竞争的任务。这表明，工作记忆容量是重要的检索是基于控制的努力，但不是搜索的基础上自动激活。提出了一种观点，即注意资源的个体差异导致抑制或抑制无关信息的能力差异。该范式还允许对初级记忆和次级记忆中的提取过程进行更广泛的比较。正如预期的那样，研究发现，从初级记忆中提取是集合大小的函数。然而，对于大于2个项目的集合，从二级记忆中提取是独立的集合大小。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
Four experiments examined individual differences in working memory (WM) capacity and how those differences affect performance on retrieval from both primary and secondary memory. The results showed that WM differences appear only in retrieval from primary memory and then only under conditions that lead to interference or response competition within the task. This suggests that WM capacity is important to retrieval that is based on controlled effortful search but not search that is based on automatic activation. A view is presented suggesting that individual differences in attentional resources lead to differences in the ability to inhibit or suppress irrelevant information. The paradigm also allowed more general comparisons between the processes involved in retrieval from primary and secondary memory. As expected, it was found that retrieval from primary memory was a function of set size. However, for sets larger than 2 items, retrieval from secondary memory was independent of set size.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)