Landscape‐level environmental stressors contributing to the decline of Poweshiek skipperling ( Oarisma poweshiek )
Landscape‐level environmental stressors contributing to the decline of Poweshiek skipperling ( Oarisma poweshiek )
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景观层面的环境压力因素导致了鲍威希克船长 (Oarisma poweshiek) 的减少
DOI：
10.1111/icad.12399
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Monfils, Anna K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belitz, Michael W.;Monfils, Michael J.;Cuthrell, David L.;Monfils, Anna K.
1. Poweshiek跳蝶[Oarisma Poweshiek （Parker, 1870；鳞翅目：跳蝶科）]是一种联邦濒危蝴蝶，历史上常见于美国中西部北部和加拿大马尼托巴省南部的大草原。在过去的20年里，它们的数量迅速减少，目前只有4个已证实存在的地点。Poweshiek跳频下降的原因尚不清楚。2. 我们收集了所有已知的波瓦谢克跳鱼发生记录，以研究波瓦谢克跳鱼下降的时空模式。建立了1985年、1990年、1995年、2000年和2005年5个时间框架和3个空间范围（东部占据范围、西部占据范围和总占据范围）的生态位模型。采用逆向消元法，研究了气候和土地利用对波氏跳虾生态位的影响。3. 发生的预测因子随着时间的推移而变化，并且跨越了波维谢克跳船的地理范围。东部模型保留了土地利用协变量。在西部和总程度上，气候变量对1985年、1990年和1995年模式预测能力的贡献最大；在2000年和2005年模型中，土地利用变量对模型预测能力的贡献最大。4. 在世纪之交Poweshiek跳虱种群数量快速下降的过程中，Poweshiek跳虱存在的概率受自然土地覆盖比例和距离最近的草地/湿地的距离的影响。我们的研究结果表明，在对现存种群和潜在的重新引入地点进行风险评估时，这些土地利用变量是重要的景观水平变量。
1. The Poweshiek skipperling [Oarisma poweshiek(Parker, 1870; Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)] is a federally endangered butterfly that was historically common in prairies of the upper Midwestern United States and Southern Manitoba, Canada. Rapid declines over the last 20 years have reduced the population numbers to four verified extant sites. The causes of Poweshiek skipperling decline are unknown. 2. We aggregated all known Poweshiek skipperling occurrence records to examine the spatiotemporal patterns of Poweshiek skipperling decline. Ecological niche models were developed for five time frames (1985, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005) and three spatial extents (eastern occupied range, western occupied range and total occupied range). We used a backward elimination method to investigate the effects of climate and land use on the ecological niche of Poweshiek skipperling. 3. Predictors of occurrence changed over time and across the geographical extent of Poweshiek skipperling. Land use covariates were retained in east models. In the west and total extent, climate variables contributed the most to model predictive power for the 1985, 1990 and 1995 models; land use variables contributed the most to model predictive power in the 2000 and 2005 models. 4. During the rapid decline in Poweshiek skipperling population numbers occurring at the turn of the century, probability of Poweshiek skipperling presence was being driven by proportion of natural land cover and distance to nearest grassland/wetland. Our results suggest that these land use variables are important landscape‐level variables to consider when developing risk assessments of extant populations and potential reintroduction sites.