Language-specific, hearing-related changes in vowel spaces: a preliminary study of English- and Spanish-speaking cochlear implant users.
Language-specific, hearing-related changes in vowel spaces: a preliminary study of English- and Spanish-speaking cochlear implant users.
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语言特定的、与听力相关的元音空间变化：对英语和西班牙语人工耳蜗用户的初步研究。
DOI：
10.1097/00003446-200112000-00003
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gould,J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Perkell,J;Numa,W;Vick,J;Lane,H;Balkany,T;Gould,J
本研究探讨了听力在人工耳蜗植入者元音产生中的作用。两个假设进行了测试，从视图中，元音的生产是受竞争的要求，可理解的听众和最少的努力，在扬声器：1）听力使人工耳蜗植入用户产生元音明显地从另一个;没有听力，扬声器可能会给更多的重量，以经济的努力，导致减少元音分离。2)说话者可能需要在元音空间相对“拥挤”的语言（如美式英语）中比在元音相对较少的语言（如西班牙语）中更清楚地发出元音。因此，当在听力和非听力状态之间切换时，英语使用者可能会在元音独特性和最小努力之间进行权衡，而西班牙语使用者可能不会。（F1-F2平面中的平均元音间距离），对于讲英语的人工耳蜗使用者，但西班牙语人工耳蜗植入者的AVS没有系统性变化，7名英语和7名西班牙语人工耳蜗植入者的元音产生，他们已经使用他们的植入物至少1年，的记录时，他们的植入语音处理器被关闭，并在两个sessions.ResultsAVS的几次是一致的听力比没有听力的英语发言者更大。AVS的变化的幅度和方向是更可变的西班牙语发言者，无论是内部和之间的subjects. Conclusion元音独特性增强了一些听力的语言组中提供了一个更拥挤的元音空间，但不是在语言组中元音较少。发言者寻求尽量减少努力，同时保持声学目标的独特性的观点得到了一些支持。
ObjectiveThis study investigates the role of hearing in vowel productions of postlingually deafened cochlear implant users. Two hypotheses are tested that derive from the view that vowel production is influenced by competing demands of intelligibility for the listener and least effort in the speaker: 1) Hearing enables a cochlear implant user to produce vowels distinctly from one another; without hearing, the speaker may give more weight to economy of effort, leading to reduced vowel separation. 2) Speakers may need to produce vowels more distinctly from one another in a language with a relatively “crowded” vowel space, such as American English, than in a language with relatively few vowels, such as Spanish. Thus, when switching between hearing and non-hearing states, English speakers may show a tradeoff between vowel distinctiveness and least effort, whereas Spanish speakers may not.DesignTo test the prediction that there will be a reduction of average vowel spacing (AVS)(average intervowel distance in the F1–F2 plane) with interrupted hearing for English-speaking cochlear implant users, but no systematic change in AVS for Spanish cochlear implant users, vowel productions of seven English-speaking and seven Spanish-speaking cochlear implant users, who had been using their implants for at least 1 yr, were recorded when their implant speech processors were turned off and on several times in two sessions.ResultsAVS was consistently larger for the English speakers with hearing than without hearing. The magnitude and direction of AVS change was more variable for the Spanish speakers, both within and between subjects.ConclusionVowel distinctiveness was enhanced with the provision of some hearing in the language group with a more crowded vowel space but not in the language group with fewer vowels. The view that speakers seek to minimize effort while maintaining the distinctiveness of acoustic goals receives some support.