Autobiographical memory decline in Alzheimer's disease, a theoretical and clinical overview.
Autobiographical memory decline in Alzheimer's disease, a theoretical and clinical overview.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.arr.2015.07.001
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
13.1
通讯作者：
Kapogiannis D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
El Haj M;Antoine P;Nandrino JL;Kapogiannis D
自传体记忆，或个人经历的记忆，允许个人定义自己，并构建一个有意义的生活故事。这种能力的下降，如在阿尔茨海默病（AD）中观察到的，导致自我和身份感受损。在我们的模型（AMAD：自传体记忆在阿尔茨海默氏病），我们提出了一个重要的审查理论和研究结果的自传体记忆的认知和神经解剖学基础及其在AD的下降，并强调其临床康复的研究。我们认为，在AD自传回忆的主要特点是相关的情节信息的损失，这导致了自传记忆的去语境化和从重温过去的事件，以一般的熟悉感的转变。这种衰退指的是逆行性遗忘，但也指顺行性遗忘，这种遗忘影响了新获得的记忆，而不仅仅是遥远的记忆。AD患者自传体记忆下降的一个后果是对形成自我意识、自我认识和自我形象的记忆的访问减少，导致自我和身份感减弱。在AD中，自传体衰退和自我意识受损之间的联系也可以表现为过去记忆与当前目标和信念之间的低对应性和一致性。通过将AD的自传体衰退的认知、神经解剖和临床方面联系起来，我们的综述提供了一个理论基础，这可能会导致更好的康复策略。
Autobiographical memory, or memory for personal experiences, allows individuals to define themselves and construct a meaningful life story. Decline of this ability, as observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), results in an impaired sense of self and identity. In our model (AMAD: Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease), we present a critical review of theories and findings regarding cognitive and neuroanatomical underpinnings of autobiographical memory and its decline in AD and highlight studies on its clinical rehabilitation. We propose that autobiographical recall in AD is mainly characterized by loss of associated episodic information, which leads to de-contextualization of autobiographical memories and a shift from reliving past events to a general sense of familiarity. This decline refers to retrograde, but also anterograde amnesia that affects newly acquired memories besides remote ones. One consequence of autobiographical memory decline in AD is decreased access to memories that shape self-consciousness, self-knowledge, and self-images, leading to a diminished sense of self and identity. The link between autobiographical decline and compromised sense of self in AD can also manifest itself as low correspondence and coherence between past memories and current goals and beliefs. By linking cognitive, neuroanatomical, and clinical aspects of autobiographical decline in AD, our review provides a theoretical foundation, which may lead to better rehabilitation strategies.