Spatio-temporal patterns of Mauritia flexuosa fruit extraction in the Peruvian Amazon: Implications for conservation and sustainability
Spatio-temporal patterns of Mauritia flexuosa fruit extraction in the Peruvian Amazon: Implications for conservation and sustainability
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apgeog.2018.05.004
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Endress, Bryan A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Horn, Christa M.;Paredes, Victor H. Vargas;Endress, Bryan A.
在亚马逊盆地，一些非木材林产品（NTFPs），如具有重要生态和经济意义的棕榈毛里求斯（Mauritia flexuosa），被大面积密集地提取，其生态影响尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们试图通过收集进入秘鲁伊基托斯市的水果数量和来源的数据，更好地了解秘鲁亚马逊地区弯叶松果的收获规模和范围，这是几十年来引起保护关注的破坏性收获，首次明确了空间和时间上的收获模式。我们通过检查航运日志和监控关键港口和公交线路实现了这一目标。在一年中，我们记录了进入伊基托斯的227 943袋（8206公吨）水果，这些水果来自该地区主要流域的至少267个社区。很大一部分水果来自中巴乔马拉农和Tigre流域的社区，这些社区从11月到3月一直向伊基托斯运送大量水果。然而，从5月到8月，在亚马逊河流域、巴霍亚马逊河流域和纳波流域，大量频繁采收、产量低的社区贡献了大部分水果。这种果实出口点的时空变化反映了曲柳果物候的区域差异。更精细的规模趋势可能受到社会和市场因素的影响，特别是受航线影响的市场准入。我们所报道的这种具有重要生态意义的非热带雨林的大规模区域性开采对生态变化和碳封存有许多潜在的影响，值得进一步研究。在促进NTFP提取之前，需要对影响提取模式的因素以及潜在的生态后果进行适当的审查。
In the Amazon Basin, some non-timber forest products (NTFPs), such as the ecologically and economically important palm Mauritia flexuosa, are extracted intensively and across large areas - the ecological effect of which is unclear. In this study, we sought to better understand the scale and scope of M. flexuosa fruit harvest in the Peruvian Amazon, the destructive harvest of which has caused conservation concern for decades, by collecting data on the amounts and origins of the fruit entering the city of Iquitos, Peru - making harvest patterns spatially and temporally explicit for the first time. We achieved this by examining shipping logs and monitoring key ports and bus lines. During one year, we recorded 227 943 sacks (8206 mT) of fruit entering Iquitos, originating from at least 267 communities across the region's major watersheds. A large proportion of fruit originated from communities in the Medio Bajo Maranon and Tigre watersheds which consistently sent high volumes of fruit to Iquitos from November through March. However, from May through August a greater number of communities with frequent, low volume extraction in the Amazonas, Bajo Amazonas, and Napo watersheds contributed most fruit. It appears that this spatio-temporal shift in the exportation points of fruit reflects regional variation in fruiting phenology of M. flexuosa across the region. Finer scale trends could be influenced by social and market factors, especially market access as influenced by ship routes. The massive region-wide extraction that we report for this ecologically important NTFP has many potential ramifications for ecological change and carbon sequestration which warrant further study. Factors impacting extraction patterns as well as potential ecological consequences need to be properly examined before promoting NTFP extraction.