Can’t Control Yourself? Monitor Those Bad Habits
Can’t Control Yourself? Monitor Those Bad Habits
复制标题
无法控制自己的坏习惯？
DOI：
10.1177/0146167209360665
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
David T. Neal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jeffrey M. Quinn;Anthony Pascoe;Wendy Wood;David T. Neal
人们可以使用什么策略来控制不想要的习惯？过去的研究集中在控制其他类型的自动冲动，特别是诱惑。习惯暗示的本质要求一定的自我控制策略。由于习惯的记忆痕迹变化缓慢，不易改变或重新解释，因此成功的习惯控制包括抑制记忆中激活的不必要的反应。作为支持，两个事件抽样日记研究表明，坏习惯，不像对诱惑的反应，最有效的控制是通过自发使用警惕的监测（思考“不要这样做”，仔细观察失误）。除了刺激控制可以有效地抑制对诱惑的反应之外，没有其他的策略可以有效地控制强烈的习惯。随后的一项实验表明，警惕性监控有助于习惯控制，不是通过改变习惯记忆痕迹的强度，而是通过加强抑制性认知控制过程。这些研究结果的影响行为改变干预进行了讨论。
What strategies can people use to control unwanted habits? Past work has focused on controlling other kinds of automatic impulses, especially temptations. The nature of habit cuing calls for certain self-control strategies. Because the slow-to-change memory trace of habits is not amenable to change or reinterpretation, successful habit control involves inhibiting the unwanted response when activated in memory. In support, two episode-sampling diary studies demonstrated that bad habits, unlike responses to temptations, were controlled most effectively through spontaneous use of vigilant monitoring (thinking “don’t do it,” watching carefully for slipups). No other strategy was useful in controlling strong habits, despite that stimulus control was effective at inhibiting responses to temptations. A subsequent experiment showed that vigilant monitoring aids habit control, not by changing the strength of the habit memory trace but by heightening inhibitory, cognitive control processes. The implications of these findings for behavior change interventions are discussed.