Adiponectin: action, regulation and association to insulin sensitivity
Adiponectin: action, regulation and association to insulin sensitivity
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-789x.2005.00159.x
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发表时间：
2005-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Richelsen, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lihn, AS;Pedersen, SB;Richelsen, B
脂联素是一种新的脂肪细胞特异性蛋白，已被认为在胰岛素抵抗和动脉粥样硬化的发生发展中发挥作用。尽管脂联素的循环浓度很高，但肥胖者的脂联素水平低于瘦肉者。除了与肥胖指标负相关外，脂联素水平也会降低，与胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病有关。内脏肥胖症已被证明是脂联素的一个独立的负面预测因子。因此，代谢综合征与脂联素负相关的大部分特征已经显示出来。脂联素在2型糖尿病发生之前就降低了，而且脂联素的应用伴随着血糖水平的降低和胰岛素敏感性的增加。此外，在动物研究中，脂联素表达减少与一定程度的胰岛素抵抗有关，表明低脂联素血症与胰岛素抵抗有关。脂联素增强胰岛素敏感性的主要机制似乎是通过增加脂肪酸氧化和抑制肝脏葡萄糖的产生。噻唑烷二酮治疗后脂联素水平升高，这一作用可能是其增强胰岛素敏感性的重要机制。相反，促炎症细胞因子尤其是转归坏死因子-cc可降低脂联素水平。总之，脂联素除了可能的抗炎和抗动脉粥样硬化作用外，似乎还是一种胰岛素增强剂，有可能成为代谢综合征和2型糖尿病的一种新的药物治疗方式。
Adiponectin is a novel adipocyte-specific protein, which, it has been suggested, plays a role in the development of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. Although it circulates in high concentrations, adiponectin levels are lower in obese subjects than in lean subjects. Apart from negative correlations with measures of adiposity, adiponectin levels are also reduced in association with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Visceral adiposity has been shown to be an independent negative predictor of adiponectin. Thus, most features of the metabolic syndrome's negative associations with adiponectin have been shown. Adiponectin be reduced prior to the development of type 2 diabetes, and administration of adiponectin has been accompanied by lower plasma glucose levels as well as increased insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, reduced expression of adiponectin has been associated with some degree of insulin resistance in animal studies indicating a role for hypoadiponectinaemia in relation to insulin resistance. The primary mechanisms by which adiponectin enhance insulin sensitivity appears to be through increased fatty acid oxidation and inhibition of hepatic glucose production. Adiponectin levels are increased by thiazoledinedione treatment, and this effect might be important for the enhanced insulin sensitivity induced by thiazolidinediones. In contrast, adiponectin levels are reduced by pro-inflammatory cytokines especially turnout necrosis factor-cc. In summary, adiponectin in addition to possible anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects appears to be an insulin enhancer, with potential as a new pharmacologic treatment modality of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes.