ROLE OF AMINO-ACIDS IN OSMOREGULATION OF NON-HALOPHILIC BACTERIA
ROLE OF AMINO-ACIDS IN OSMOREGULATION OF NON-HALOPHILIC BACTERIA
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DOI：
10.1038/257398a0
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发表时间：
1975-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
MEASURES, JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MEASURES, JC
大多数微生物在低渗透压下表现出最佳生长，但即使这样，在环境溶质浓度高到足以将水活度降低到低至0.86的情况下，也往往能够生长，尽管速度较慢(表1)。嗜渗性酵母在低水分活度下生长的能力取决于细胞1内积累的高浓度多元醇，类似地，嗜盐细菌积累钾离子2。氨基酸，特别是脯氨酸，已被证明在低水分活度时刺激一些细菌的生长和呼吸，并在环境氯化钠增加5，更具体地说渗透脱水时积累(我未发表的结果)。我现在报告，非嗜盐细菌在低水分活度下的生长似乎取决于细胞通过细胞内氨基酸积累来平衡环境渗透压力的能力，以及积累的氨基酸类型。
MOST microorganisms show optimal growth at low osmotic pressures, but even so are often able to grow, though more slowly, in the presence of concentrations of environmental solutes sufficiently high to reduce the water activity to values as low as 0.86 (Table 1). The ability of osmophilic yeasts to grow at low water activities depends on the accumulation of high concentrations of polyhydric alcohols inside the cell1, and similarly, halophilic bacteria accumulate potassium ions2. Amino acids, especially proline, have been shown to stimulate growth3and respiration4of some bacteria at low water activities, and to accumulate in response to increased environmental sodium chloride5and, more particularly, to osmotic dehydration (my unpublished results). I now report that growth of non-halophilic bacteria at low water activities seems to depend on the ability of the cell to balance the environmental osmotic pressure by intracellular accumulation of amino acids, and on the types of amino acid which accumulate.