Mechanisms of Neuroprotection by Quercetin: Counteracting Oxidative Stress and More.
Mechanisms of Neuroprotection by Quercetin: Counteracting Oxidative Stress and More.
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DOI：
10.1155/2016/2986796
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pellacani C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Costa LG;Garrick JM;Roquè PJ;Pellacani C
最近越来越多的兴趣集中在确定几种天然化合物，统称为营养品，是否可以在发育，成人和衰老的神经系统中发挥神经保护作用。槲皮素是一种广泛存在于自然界中的多酚类化合物，在这方面受到了最多的关注。在体外，在实验动物和人类中的几项研究，提供了支持性证据的神经保护作用的槲皮素，无论是对神经毒性化学品或在各种模型的神经元损伤和神经退行性疾病。这种保护作用的确切机制仍然难以捉摸，尽管已经提出了许多假设。除了可能的直接抗氧化作用外，槲皮素还可以通过刺激细胞防御氧化应激来发挥作用。两个这样的途径包括诱导Nrf 2-ARE和诱导抗氧化剂/抗炎酶对氧磷酶2（PON 2）。此外，槲皮素已被证明激活sirtuins（SIRT 1），诱导自噬，并作为植物雌激素，槲皮素可以提供其神经保护的所有机制。
Increasing interest has recently focused on determining whether several natural compounds, collectively referred to as nutraceuticals, may exert neuroprotective actions in the developing, adult, and aging nervous system. Quercetin, a polyphenol widely present in nature, has received the most attention in this regard. Several studies in vitro, in experimental animals and in humans, have provided supportive evidence for neuroprotective effects of quercetin, either against neurotoxic chemicals or in various models of neuronal injury and neurodegenerative diseases. The exact mechanisms of such protective effects remain elusive, though many hypotheses have been formulated. In addition to a possible direct antioxidant effect, quercetin may also act by stimulating cellular defenses against oxidative stress. Two such pathways include the induction of Nrf2-ARE and induction of the antioxidant/anti-inflammatory enzyme paraoxonase 2 (PON2). In addition, quercetin has been shown to activate sirtuins (SIRT1), to induce autophagy, and to act as a phytoestrogen, all mechanisms by which quercetin may provide its neuroprotection.