Planning and licensing for marine aquaculture
Planning and licensing for marine aquaculture
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DOI：
10.1111/raq.12783
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发表时间：
2023-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
L. Falconer;Karl Cutajar;A. Krupandan;E. Capuzzo;R. Corner;T. Ellis;K. Jeffery;Eirik Mikkelsen;H. Moore;F. O’Beirn;P. O'Donohoe;N. Ruane;Robyn Shilland;P. Tett;T. Telfer
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文献类型：
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作者：
L. Falconer;Karl Cutajar;A. Krupandan;E. Capuzzo;R. Corner;T. Ellis;K. Jeffery;Eirik Mikkelsen;H. Moore;F. O’Beirn;P. O'Donohoe;N. Ruane;Robyn Shilland;P. Tett;T. Telfer
海洋水产养殖有潜力增加其对全球粮食系统的贡献，并提供宝贵的生态系统服务，但必须建立适当的规划、许可和监管制度，以实现可持续发展。目前，世界各地的做法差异很大，一些国家和区域调查突出表明，如果海洋水产养殖要发挥其潜力，就需要进行改革。本文旨在绘制和评估规划和许可证的可持续海洋水产养殖增长的挑战。尽管物种、生产系统和环境各不相同，但这项研究在文献中发现了一些共同的主题;规划和许可证发放、产权和经营许可证、空间竞争和海洋空间规划、新物种和海洋水产养殖生产多样化等方面的做法复杂而分散（海藻生产、综合多营养水产养殖（IMTA）、水产养殖的养分和碳抵消、近海水产养殖以及共址和多用途平台），以及需要解决知识差距和使用决策支持工具。规划和许可可能非常复杂，因此英国被用作案例研究，以展示更详细的例子，突出行业，监管机构和政策制定者在相互作用的司法管辖区面临的挑战和不确定性。有许多复杂性，但这项研究表明，许多国家都经历过或正在经历类似的挑战，这表明可以通过分享知识和经验来吸取教训，即使是在不同的物种和生产系统之间，而不是有一个更孤立的重点。
Abstract Marine aquaculture has the potential to increase its contribution to the global food system and provide valuable ecosystem services, but appropriate planning, licensing and regulation systems must be in place to enable sustainable development. At present, approaches vary considerably throughout the world, and several national and regional investigations have highlighted the need for reforms if marine aquaculture is to fulfil its potential. This article aims to map and evaluate the challenges of planning and licensing for growth of sustainable marine aquaculture. Despite the range of species, production systems and circumstances, this study found a number of common themes in the literature; complicated and fragmented approaches to planning and licensing, property rights and the licence to operate, competition for space and marine spatial planning, emerging species and diversifying marine aquaculture production (seaweed production, Integrated Multi‐Trophic Aquaculture [IMTA], nutrient and carbon offsetting with aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and co‐location and multiuse platforms), and the need to address knowledge gaps and use of decision‐support tools. Planning and licensing can be highly complicated, so the UK is used as a case study to show more detailed examples that highlight the range of challenges and uncertainty that industry, regulators and policymakers face across interacting jurisdictions. There are many complexities, but this study shows that many countries have undergone, or are undergoing, similar challenges, suggesting that lessons can be learned by sharing knowledge and experiences, even across different species and production systems, rather than having a more insular focus.