Astrocytes in neurodegenerative diseases (I): function and molecular description
Astrocytes in neurodegenerative diseases (I): function and molecular description
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nrleng.2014.12.005
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发表时间：
2015-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
T. Guillamón-Vivancos;U. Gómez-Pinedo;J. Matías‐Guiu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Guillamón-Vivancos;U. Gómez-Pinedo;J. Matías‐Guiu
星形胶质细胞一直被认为是中枢神经系统的支持细胞。本文综述了星形胶质细胞在中枢神经系统发育和可塑性、控制突触传递、调节血流量、能量和代谢、血脑屏障的形成、调节昼夜节律、脂质代谢和脂蛋白分泌、调节神经元的功能等方面的研究进展。和神经发生。星形胶质细胞标志物和星形胶质细胞增生的功能也被描述。对星形胶质细胞的良好了解对于理解神经退行性疾病的机制是必不可少的。
IntroductionAstrocytes have been considered mere supporting cells in the CNS. However, we now know that astrocytes are actively involved in many of the functions of the CNS and may play an important role in neurodegenerative diseases.DevelopmentThis article reviews the roles astrocytes play in CNS development and plasticity; control of synaptic transmission; regulation of blood flow, energy, and metabolism; formation of the blood-brain barrier; regulation of the circadian rhythms, lipid metabolism and secretion of lipoproteins; and in neurogenesis. Astrocyte markers and the functions of astrogliosis are also described.ConclusionAstrocytes play an active role in the CNS. A good knowledge of astrocytes is essential to understanding the mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases.