Phylogenomics, Biogeography, and Morphometrics Reveal Rapid Phenotypic Evolution in Pythons After Crossing Wallace's Line
Phylogenomics, Biogeography, and Morphometrics Reveal Rapid Phenotypic Evolution in Pythons After Crossing Wallace's Line
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DOI：
10.1093/sysbio/syaa024
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发表时间：
2020-11-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Keogh, J. Scott
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Esquerre, Damien;Donnellan, Stephen;Keogh, J. Scott
生态机会可以提供给跨越严格地理障碍的生物体，使其进入具有新生态位的环境。华莱士和莱德克的线可以说是最著名的地理屏障，将亚洲和澳大利亚-巴布亚生物区分开。其中一个生态形态上最多样化的爬行动物群，蟒蛇，分布在这些线，并在表型和生态上明显更多样化的澳大利亚-巴布亚的Lydekker线以东。我们使用锚定杂交富集的方法，接近完整的分类单元采样，提取线粒体基因组和376个核位点，以解决和日期的系统发育历史。生物地理重建表明，它们起源于亚洲，大约在38-45 Ma，然后在23 Ma左右入侵澳大利亚-巴布亚。澳大利亚-巴布亚蟒蛇在形态空间上表现出相当大的扩张，在头部和身体形状上向许多新的适应性最佳状态转变，再加上新的微栖息地偏好的演变。我们提供了一个最新的分类蟒蛇，我们的研究还表明，生态机会殖民化后的新环境，可以促进形态多样化，在以前的生态形态保守的群体。
Ecological opportunities can be provided to organisms that cross stringent biogeographic barriers towards environments with new ecological niches. Wallace's and Lyddeker's lines are arguably the most famous biogeographic barriers, separating the Asian and Australo-Papuan biotas. One of the most ecomorphologically diverse groups of reptiles, the pythons, is distributed across these lines, and are remarkably more diverse in phenotype and ecology east of Lydekker's line in Australo-Papua. We used an anchored hybrid enrichment approach, with near complete taxon sampling, to extract mitochondrial genomes and 376 nuclear loci to resolve and date their phylogenetic history. Biogeographic reconstruction demonstrates that they originated in Asia around 38-45 Ma and then invaded Australo-Papua around 23 Ma. Australo-Papuan pythons display a sizeable expansion in morphological space, with shifts towards numerous new adaptive optima in head and body shape, coupled with the evolution of new micro-habitat preferences. We provide an updated taxonomy of pythons and our study also demonstrates how ecological opportunity following colonization of novel environments can promote morphological diversification in a formerly ecomorphologically conservative group.