Topographic Cues Guiding Cell Polarization via Distinct Cellular Mechanosensing Pathways
Topographic Cues Guiding Cell Polarization via Distinct Cellular Mechanosensing Pathways
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地形线索通过不同的细胞机械传感途径引导细胞极化
DOI：
10.1002/smll.202104328
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发表时间：
--
期刊：
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Zhao Chang-Sheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu Wei;Sun Qian;Zheng Zi-Li;Gao Ya-Ting;Zhu Guan-Yin;Wei Qiang;Xu Jia-Zhuang;Li Zhong-Ming;Zhao Chang-Sheng
细胞极化存在于多种组织中，调节细胞的行为和功能。空间限制（空间限制细胞伸展）和粘附诱导（引导粘附体生长）是根据微环境形貌诱导细胞极化的两种主要方式。然而，这两种方式诱导细胞极化的机制以及对细胞功能的下游影响尚不清楚。在这里，空间约束和粘附诱导引导细胞极化分别实现了在微米和纳米尺寸的基板凹槽阵列。虽然极化细胞的形态在两种结构上相似，但诱导细胞极化的信号通路和下游功能明显不同。粘连诱导（纳米沟）导致形成局灶性粘连并激活RhoA/ROCK通路以增强基于肌球蛋白的细胞内力，而空间限制（微沟）仅激活伪足的形成。粘附诱导引起的增强的胞内力抑制染色质凝聚，从而促进干细胞的成骨分化。本研究综述了细胞极化和生物界面机械传感，以帮助设计新型生物材料。
Cell polarization exists in a variety of tissues to regulate cell behaviors and functions. Space constraint (spatially limiting cell extension) and adhesion induction (guiding adhesome growth) are two main ways to induce cell polarization according to the microenvironment topographies. However, the mechanism of cell polarization induced by these two ways and the downstream effects on cell functions are yet to be understood. Here, space constraint and adhesion induction guiding cell polarization are achieved by substrate groove arrays in micro and nano size, respectively. Although the morphology of polarized cells is similar on both structures, the signaling pathways to induce the cell polarization and the downstream functions are distinctly different. The adhesion induction (nano‐groove) leads to the formation of focal adhesions and activates the RhoA/ROCK pathway to enhance the myosin‐based intracellular force, while the space constraint (micro‐groove) only activates the formation of pseudopodia. The enhanced intracellular force caused by adhesion induction inhibits the chromatin condensation, which promotes the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. This study presents an overview of cell polarization and mechanosensing at biointerface to aid in the design of novel biomaterials.