Ecosystem consequences of enhanced solar ultraviolet radiation: Secondary plant metabolites as mediators of multiple trophic interactions in terrestrial plant communities
Ecosystem consequences of enhanced solar ultraviolet radiation: Secondary plant metabolites as mediators of multiple trophic interactions in terrestrial plant communities
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DOI：
10.1562/si-03-24.1
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发表时间：
2004-05-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Bassman, JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bassman, JH
紫外线-B（UV-B）诱导的次生植物代谢产物作为介质的多重营养反应在陆地生态系统中的潜在作用被认为是通过审查的主要类别的次生代谢产物，其生物合成的途径，与初级和次级消费者的相互作用和已知的UV对其诱导的影响。在实地现实的光谱平衡下，一般缺乏紫外线B辐射对植物生长和存活的总体影响，但紫外线B引起的碳分配和分配的微妙变化，特别是次级代谢物的产生，可影响生态系统一级的进程。次生代谢物在植物-食草动物相互作用中起重要作用，并可能影响病原体。它们对通才和不适应的专才起着摄食或产卵的威慑作用，但适应的专才受到这些相同化合物的刺激而进食，它们解毒并经常隔离用于对抗捕食者。这为增强UV-B辐射的三营养效应提供了途径，从而可以增加食草动物，同时减少对食草动物的捕食。正是在这种情况下，次级代谢物可能表现出其最重要的作用。它们可以是在较高营养水平上建立因果关系的可论证的机制，因为它们的诱导结果可以在所有营养水平上建立。
The potential role of ultraviolet-B (UV-B)-induced secondary plant metabolites as mediators of multiple trophic responses in terrestrial ecosystems is considered through review of the major classes of secondary metabolites, the pathways for their biosynthesis, interactions with primary and secondary consumers and known UV effects on their induction. Gross effects of UV-B radiation on plant growth and survival under realistic spectral balances in the field have been generally lacking, but subtle changes in carbon allocation and partitioning induced by UV-B, in particular production of secondary metabolites, can affect ecosystem-level processes. Secondary metabolites are important in plant-herbivore interactions and may affect pathogens. They act as feeding or oviposition deterrents to generalists and nonadapted specialists, but adapted specialists are stimulated to feed by these same compounds, which they detoxify and often sequester for use against their predators. This provides a route for tritrophic effects of enhanced UV-B radiation whereby herbivory may be increased while predation on the herbivore is simultaneously reduced. It is in this context that secondary metabolites may manifest their most important role. They can be the demonstrable mechanism establishing cause and effect at higher trophic levels because the consequences of their induction can be established at all trophic levels.