Role of extracellular vesicles in tumour microenvironment.
Role of extracellular vesicles in tumour microenvironment.
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细胞外囊泡在肿瘤微环境中的作用
DOI：
10.1186/s12964-020-00643-5
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发表时间：
2020-10-20
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Guo SC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tao SC;Guo SC
近年来，已经证明细胞外囊泡（EV）可以由几乎所有细胞类型释放，并在大多数体液中检测到。在肿瘤微环境（TME）中，EV 作为脂质、蛋白质和核酸的运输介质。 EV通过启动或抑制受体细胞中的各种信号通路来参与恶性肿瘤发生和进展的各个步骤。尽管肿瘤源性 EV（T-EV）因通过全身途径协调肿瘤进展而闻名，但来自非恶性细胞的 EV（nmEV）也对恶性肿瘤的发展做出了重大贡献。肿瘤细胞和非恶性细胞通常相互通信，两者都决定疾病的进展。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 T-EV 和 nmEV 的特征、TME 中的肿瘤进展、转移和 EV 介导的化疗耐药性。涉及的生理和病理效应包括但不限于血管生成、上皮间质转化（EMT）、细胞外基质（ECM）重塑和免疫逃逸。我们讨论了 EV 临床应用的潜在未来方向，包括诊断（通过液体活检作为非侵入性生物标志物）和治疗。这可能包括破坏 EV 的生物发生和功能，从而利用 EV 的特性将其重新用作免疫治疗和药物输送系统中的治疗工具。我们还讨论了当前研究的总体结果，确定了一些需要解决的突出问题，并提出了未来研究的一些潜在方向。视频摘要
In recent years, it has been demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be released by almost all cell types, and detected in most body fluids. In the tumour microenvironment (TME), EVs serve as a transport medium for lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. EVs participate in various steps involved in the development and progression of malignant tumours by initiating or suppressing various signalling pathways in recipient cells. Although tumour-derived EVs (T-EVs) are known for orchestrating tumour progression via systemic pathways, EVs from non-malignant cells (nmEVs) also contribute substantially to malignant tumour development. Tumour cells and non-malignant cells typically communicate with each other, both determining the progress of the disease. In this review, we summarise the features of both T-EVs and nmEVs, tumour progression, metastasis, and EV-mediated chemoresistance in the TME. The physiological and pathological effects involved include but are not limited to angiogenesis, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling, and immune escape. We discuss potential future directions of the clinical application of EVs, including diagnosis (as non-invasive biomarkers via liquid biopsy) and therapeutic treatment. This may include disrupting EV biogenesis and function, thus utilising the features of EVs to repurpose them as a therapeutic tool in immunotherapy and drug delivery systems. We also discuss the overall findings of current studies, identify some outstanding issues requiring resolution, and propose some potential directions for future research.Video abstract
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影响因子：
46.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
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Reyburn HT
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Matsumoto K
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3.7
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Bhattacharya S;Pal K;Sharma AK;Dutta SK;Lau JS;Yan IK;Wang E;Elkhanany A;Alkharfy KM;Sanyal A;Patel TC;Chari ST;Spaller MR;Mukhopadhyay D
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