Large particle transport of plutonium and other fallout radionuclides to the deep ocean
Large particle transport of plutonium and other fallout radionuclides to the deep ocean
复制标题
钚和其他放射性核素的大颗粒输送到深海
作者：
H. Livingston;R. Anderson
在大西洋、太平洋和地中海的深层沉积物中发现了由于大气层核武器试验而进入大气层的人工放射性核素。在这些沉积物中发现的核素的半衰期足够长，在它们进入海洋和允许粒子结合和运输的生物地球化学之后10年或更长时间才能被探测到。它们包括239,240Pu, 238Pu, 241Am， 55Fe和137Cs等核素（参考文献1-5）。放射性沉降核素自被输送到海面后的二三十年里一直被输送到深海，因此需要通过水柱进行相对快速的输送。我们在这里描述作为PARFLUX计划的一部分收集的三个系列沉积物陷阱样品中Pu和其他沉降核素的放射化学分析结果6 - 8。这些数据用于考虑大颗粒在通过海洋水柱转移颗粒反应性人工放射性核素的过程中所起的作用。
Artificial radionuclides introduced to the atmosphere as a consequence of atmospheric nuclear weapons tests have been detected in deep sediments of the Atlantic1 and Pacific2 Oceans and of the Mediterranean Sea3. The nuclides which have been found in these sediments have half lives long enough to be detectable 10 or more years after their introduction to the ocean and biogeochemistries which permit particle association and transport. They include such nuclides as 239,240Pu, 238Pu, 241Am, 55Fe and 137Cs (refs 1–5). For fallout nuclides to have been transported to the deep ocean in the two to three decades since they were delivered to the sea surface, relatively rapid transport through the water column is required. We describe here the results of radiochemical analyses of Pu and other fallout nuclides in three series of sediment trap samples collected as part of the PARFLUX program6–8. The data are used to consider the role that large particles have in processes which transfer particle reactive artificial radionuclides through oceanic water columns.