Etiological diagnosis of pleural effusion by pleural biopsy.
Etiological diagnosis of pleural effusion by pleural biopsy.
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通过胸膜活检进行胸腔积液的病因诊断。
DOI：
10.1001/jama.1955.02960110013004
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发表时间：
1955
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Landman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Small;M. Landman
以前健康的，通常是年轻人的胸腔积液一直是医学界的一个诊断问题。一般认为70% ~ 80%的此类积液是肺结核的胸膜表现1；然而，多种病因导致了另外20 - 30%的胸腔积液。其中包括原发性或继发性肺癌、细菌性或病毒性肺炎、淋巴母细胞瘤、急性风湿热、肾病、泛血清炎、肝硬化、肺脓肿、充血性心力衰竭、肺栓塞、急性多发性关节炎、卵巢肿瘤、血液不良、传染性单核细胞增多症和胆固醇积液在不同的实验室证明结核杆菌在胸腔液细菌学或豚鼠接种的能力有相当大的差异。最好的结果高达90%，3但是，一般来说，70%可能被认为是优秀的，大多数工人报告的结果不超过50%。结果取决于一个相当大的
Pleural effusion in previously healthy, usually young adults has always posed a diagnostic problem to the medical profession. The general opinion is that 70 to 80% of such effusions represent pleural manifestations of tuberculosis1; however, a multiplicity of etiological factors account for the other 20 to 30% of pleural effusions. Among them may be listed primary or secondary carcinoma of the lungs, bacterial or viral pneumonia, lymphoblastoma, acute rheumatic fever, nephrosis, panserositis, cirrhosis, lung abscess, congestive heart failure, pulmonary embolism, acute polyarthritis, ovarian neoplasm, blood dyscrasia, infectious mononucleosis, and cholesterol effusion.2 There are considerable differences in the ability of various laboratories to demonstrate tubercle bacilli in pleural fluid bacteriologically or by guinea pig inoculation. The best of results run as high as 90%,3but, in general, 70% may be considered as excellent, with no more than 50% reported by most workers.4Results depend to a considerable