The Risk of Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza: Prospects for Control
The Risk of Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza: Prospects for Control
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DOI：
10.1086/591853
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Monto, Arnold S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Monto, Arnold S.
在美国，季节性流感是一种未被充分认识的发病和死亡原因。长期以来一直建议对并发症高风险群体中的个体进行季节性疫苗接种。然而，每年流感免疫接种的建议群体已逐步扩大，以减少无并发症感染的发生率，减轻季节性流感对卫生保健的影响，并简化建议的应用。最近人类感染高致病性禽流感病例加剧了流感大流行的威胁，需要继续努力做好准备。控制大流行性流感的策略必须包括疫苗、抗病毒药物和非药物干预措施，如关闭学校和自愿隔离病例。以前在家庭研究中观察到的神经氨酸酶抑制剂的预防效果表明，它们将是自愿隔离的有用辅助手段。目前正在建立抗病毒药物储备，用于治疗和预防大流行性流感。
\Seasonal influenza is an underappreciated cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Seasonal vaccination of individuals in groups at high risk of complications has long been recommended. However, there has been a gradual expansion of the recommended groups for annual influenza immunization in order to reduce the incidence of uncomplicated infection, to alleviate the impact of seasonal influenza on health care, and to simplify the application of recommendations. The threat of an influenza pandemic, heightened by recent cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza in humans, requires continued efforts in preparedness. Strategies for the control of pandemic influenza must include vaccines, antiviral drugs, and nonpharmaceutical interventions like school closure and voluntary quarantine around cases. The prophylactic efficacy of neuraminidase inhibitors, previously observed in household studies, suggests that they will be a useful adjunct to voluntary quarantine. Stockpiles of antiviral drugs are being established for therapeutic and perhaps preventive use for pandemic influenza.