Perturbed quantization steganography
Perturbed quantization steganography
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DOI：
10.1007/s00530-005-0194-3
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发表时间：
2005-12
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
J. Fridrich;M. Goljan;D. Soukal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Fridrich;M. Goljan;D. Soukal
在本文中，我们引入了一种新的被动守护隐写方法，在这种方法中，发送方无需与接收方共享选择通道，即可将秘密消息嵌入到覆盖对象的特定子集中。对于这种通信，一个合适的信息论模型是用（大量）有缺陷的细胞[1]在内存中写入。我们为这个信道描述了一个简单的可变速率随机线性码（“湿纸”码），并用它来开发一种新的数字媒体文件隐写方法——摄动量化。在摄动量化中，发送方在处理覆盖对象时隐藏数据，同时进行信息减少操作，如有损压缩、下采样、A/D转换等。发送方使用处理前的覆盖对象作为侧信息，将嵌入更改限制在处理后的覆盖对象中那些值最“不确定”的元素上。这种被告知的发送者嵌入和未被告知的接收者消息提取提高了隐写的安全性，因为攻击者不能轻易地从被处理的隐写对象中确定嵌入位置的变化。提出了一种启发式的方法，并由盲隐写分析[2]支持，该方法在JPEG图像的扰动量化的特定情况下，比当前的JPEG隐写方法显著降低可检测性。
In this paper, we introduce a new approach to passive-warden steganography in which the sender embeds the secret message into a certain subset of the cover object without having to share the selection channel with the recipient. An appropriate information-theoretical model for this communication is writing in memory with (a large number of) defective cells [1]. We describe a simple variable-rate random linear code for this channel (the "wet paper" code) and use it to develop a new steganographic methodology for digital media files - Perturbed Quantization. In Perturbed Quantization, the sender hides data while processing the cover object with an information-reducing operation, such as lossy compression, downsampling, A/D conversion, etc. The sender uses the cover object before processing as side information to confine the embedding changes to those elements of the processed cover object whose values are the most "uncertain". This informed-sender embedding and uninformed-recipient message extraction improves steganographic security because an attacker cannot easily determine from the processed stego object the location of embedding changes. Heuristic is presented and supported by blind steganalysis [2] that a specific case of Perturbed Quantization for JPEG images is significantly less detectable than current JPEG steganographic methods.