Evolutionary consequences of mutation and selection within an individual.
Evolutionary consequences of mutation and selection within an individual.
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发表时间：
1995-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Sarah P. Otto;M. E. Orive
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sarah P. Otto;M. E. Orive
无论是有性还是无性生物，在发育过程中对细胞谱系进行选择是消除有害突变的有效方法。通过数学分析，我们发现，发育过程中细胞复制速率的相对较小差异可以转化为成人内突变细胞比例的巨大差异，特别是当发育涉及大量细胞分裂时。因此，生物体内选择可以大大降低后代中观察到的有害突变率以及群体中的突变负荷，因为细胞而不是个体提供了阻止有害突变潮所必需的选择性“死亡”。后代中突变率的降低在具有可塑性发育的生物体中比在具有结构化发育的生物体中更明显。在产生多细胞而不是单细胞后代的无性生物中，它也更明显。通过影响突变率，生物体内选择可能具有广泛的进化意义;作为一个例子，我们考虑了其对倍性水平进化的影响，发现细胞谱系选择在单倍体中更有效，并且倾向于有利于它们的进化。
Whether in sexual or asexual organisms, selection among cell lineages during development is an effective way of eliminating deleterious mutations. Using a mathematical analysis, we find that relatively small differences in cell replication rates during development can translate into large differences in the proportion of mutant cells within the adult, especially when development involves a large number of cell divisions. Consequently, intraorganismal selection can substantially reduce the deleterious mutation rate observed among offspring as well as the mutation load within a population, because cells rather than individuals provide the selective "deaths" necessary to stem the tide of deleterious mutations. The reduction in mutation rate among offspring is more pronounced in organisms with plastic development than in those with structured development. It is also more pronounced in asexual organisms that produce multicellular rather than unicellular offspring. By effecting the mutation rate, intraorganismal selection may have broad evolutionary implications; as an example, we consider its influence on the evolution of ploidy levels, finding that cell-lineage selection is more effective in haploids and tends to favor their evolution.