Monitoring the Perturbation of Soil and Groundwater Microbial Communities Due to Pig Production Activities
Monitoring the Perturbation of Soil and Groundwater Microbial Communities Due to Pig Production Activities
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.03760-12
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Mackie, Roderick I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hong, Pei-Ying;Yannarell, Anthony C.;Mackie, Roderick I.
本研究旨在确定来自养猪场的生物污染物是否传播到土壤和地下水微生物群落中。对养猪场附近的土壤和地下水进行时空采样，并利用定量PCR（Q-PCR）来确定四环素抗性基因（即，tetQ和tetZ）和整合酶基因（即，intI 1和intI 2）。我们观察到，tetZ，tetQ，intI 1和intI 2在土壤中的丰度增加至少6倍后，施肥，其丰度保持高于背景高达16个月。Q-PCR进一步确定了位于粪肥泻湖旁边的一些地下水威尔斯井和用于为其中一个农场供水的设施井中tetZ、tetQ、intI 1和intI 2的总丰度高达5.88 x 10（9）拷贝/ng DNA。我们进一步利用基于16 S rRNA的焦磷酸测序来评估微生物群落，我们的比较分析表明，在施用粪肥之前和之后收集的大多数土壤样品没有显著变化，具有78.5%的高Bray-Curtis相似性。相反，拟杆菌和硫氧化细菌种群的增加，观察到从泻湖相关的地下水威尔斯井收集的地下水。在一些粪肥处理过的土壤和受影响的地下水威尔斯井中检测到与机会性人类和动物病原体相关的属，如不动杆菌属、弓形杆菌属、耶尔森氏菌属和柯克斯氏菌属。粪便相关的细菌，如链球菌，丹毒丝菌，拟杆菌在粪便，土壤和地下水生态系统中检测到，这表明入侵物种从猪生产活动的土壤和地下水环境的扰动。
This study aimed to determine if biotic contaminants originating from pig production farms are disseminated into soil and groundwater microbial communities. A spatial and temporal sampling of soil and groundwater in proximity to pig production farms was conducted, and quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) was utilized to determine the abundances of tetracycline resistance genes (i.e., tetQ and tetZ) and integrase genes (i.e., intI1 and intI2). We observed that the abundances of tetZ, tetQ, intI1, and intI2 in the soils increased at least 6-fold after manure application, and their abundances remained elevated above the background for up to 16 months. Q-PCR further determined total abundances of up to 5.88 x 10(9) copies/ng DNA for tetZ, tetQ, intI1, and intI2 in some of the groundwater wells that were situated next to the manure lagoon and in the facility well used to supply water for one of the farms. We further utilized 16S rRNA-based pyrosequencing to assess the microbial communities, and our comparative analyses suggest that most of the soil samples collected before and after manure application did not change significantly, sharing a high Bray-Curtis similarity of 78.5%. In contrast, an increase in Bacteroidetes and sulfur-oxidizing bacterial populations was observed in the groundwaters collected from lagoon-associated groundwater wells. Genera associated with opportunistic human and animal pathogens, such as Acinetobacter, Arcobacter, Yersinia, and Coxiella, were detected in some of the manure-treated soils and affected groundwater wells. Feces-associated bacteria such as Streptococcus, Erysipelothrix, and Bacteroides were detected in the manure, soil, and groundwater ecosystems, suggesting a perturbation of the soil and groundwater environments by invader species from pig production activities.