Discharge of identified orexin/hypocretin neurons across the sleep-waking cycle
Discharge of identified orexin/hypocretin neurons across the sleep-waking cycle
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.1887-05.2005
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发表时间：
2005-07-13
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Jones, BE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, MG;Hassani, OK;Jones, BE
虽然由多个唤醒系统维持，但如果食欲素（下丘脑泌素）、食欲素受体或食欲素神经元缺乏，则清醒会动摇;嗜睡症会导致嗜睡或突然发生快速眼动睡眠[或反常睡眠（PS）]和肌肉紧张性丧失。为了了解食欲素神经元如何维持觉醒，我们记录了头部固定大鼠在睡眠-觉醒周期中的神经元，然后用神经生物素标记它们，以通过免疫组织化学鉴定它们。我们发现，确定的食欲素神经元放电活跃清醒时，姿势肌张力高，与运动，减少在安静的清醒过程中，在没有运动的放电，几乎停止发射在睡眠中，姿势肌张力低或缺席。在PS，他们保持相对沉默，与姿势性肌肉弛缓，最常见的是，尽管阶段性肌肉抽搐。它们在PS结束前增加了放电，从而预示着清醒和肌肉张力的恢复。因此，食欲素神经元会刺激唤醒，同时对抗睡眠和肌肉张力。
Although maintained by multiple arousal systems, wakefulness falters if orexin ( hypocretin), orexin receptors, or orexin neurons are deficient; narcolepsy results with hypersomnolence or sudden onset of rapid eye movement sleep [ or paradoxical sleep ( PS)] and loss of muscle tonus. To learn how orexin neurons maintain wakefulness, we recorded neurons in head-fixed rats across the sleep - waking cycle and then labeled them with Neurobiotin to identify them by immunohistochemistry. We show that identified orexin neurons discharge during active waking, when postural muscle tone is high in association with movement, decrease discharge during quiet waking in absence of movement, and virtually cease firing during sleep, when postural muscle tone is low or absent. During PS, they remain relatively silent in association with postural muscle atonia and most often despite phasic muscular twitches. They increase firing before the end of PS and thereby herald by several seconds the return of waking and muscle tone. The orexin neurons would thus stimulate arousal, while antagonizing sleep and muscle atonia.