The evolutionary genomics of species' responses to climate change
The evolutionary genomics of species' responses to climate change
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DOI：
10.1038/s41559-021-01526-9
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发表时间：
2021-08-09
影响因子：
16.8
通讯作者：
Gaut, Brandon S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aguirre-Liguori, Jonas A.;Ramirez-Barahona, Santiago;Gaut, Brandon S.
气候变化是对生物多样性的威胁。这种威胁的一种表现方式是随着时间的推移，物种地理范围的显著变化。为了预测这些变化，研究人员主要使用了物种分布模型。然而，这些模型是基于生态位保守主义的假设，没有考虑进化过程，这可能限制了它们的准确性和价值。为了将进化纳入物种对气候变化的反应的预测中，研究人员转向景观基因组数据，并使用气候模型检查有关当地遗传适应的信息。尽管这是一项重要的进步，但这种方法目前不包括其他进化过程--如基因流动、种群扩散和基因组负载--这些过程对预测整个地区物种的命运至关重要。在这里，我们简要回顾了目前使用物种分布模型和纳入当地适应的做法。接下来，我们讨论考虑额外过程的理论基础和理论，回顾如何将它们纳入物种对气候变化的反应的研究中。我们总结了一个概念框架，说明如何将多个层次的信息结合起来，以预测特定人群对气候变化的潜在反应。我们将使用样本数据集演示所有主题，并提供源代码作为潜在的教程。这一视角旨在向更全面地整合种群基因组学和气候变化科学迈出一步。这一视角探索了在使用物种分布模型预测对气候变化的反应时可以考虑进化过程的方法。
Climate change is a threat to biodiversity. One way that this threat manifests is through pronounced shifts in the geographical range of species over time. To predict these shifts, researchers have primarily used species distribution models. However, these models are based on assumptions of niche conservatism and do not consider evolutionary processes, potentially limiting their accuracy and value. To incorporate evolution into the prediction of species' responses to climate change, researchers have turned to landscape genomic data and examined information about local genetic adaptation using climate models. Although this is an important advancement, this approach currently does not include other evolutionary processes-such as gene flow, population dispersal and genomic load-that are critical for predicting the fate of species across the landscape. Here, we briefly review the current practices for the use of species distribution models and for incorporating local adaptation. We next discuss the rationale and theory for considering additional processes, reviewing how they can be incorporated into studies of species' responses to climate change. We summarize with a conceptual framework of how manifold layers of information can be combined to predict the potential response of specific populations to climate change. We illustrate all of the topics using an exemplar dataset and provide the source code as potential tutorials. This Perspective is intended to be a step towards a more comprehensive integration of population genomics with climate change science.This Perspective explores the ways in which evolutionary processes can be considered when using species distribution models to predict responses to climate change.