Integrating modelling and smart sensors for environmental and human health.
Integrating modelling and smart sensors for environmental and human health.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.06.003
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wimberly MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Reis S;Seto E;Northcross A;Quinn NW;Convertino M;Jones RL;Maier HR;Schlink U;Steinle S;Vieno M;Wimberly MC
传感器在日常生活中变得无处不在，以前所未有的速度和规模生成数据。然而，评估人类活动对环境和人类健康影响的模型通常是在数据稀缺的情况下开发的。模型是理解过程、确定关系、关联和因果关系、使利益攸关方的心理模型正规化以及量化预防和干预措施效果的重要工具。它们可以帮助解释数据，并通过识别数据收集可能实现最佳结果的热点和感兴趣区域，为传感器的部署和位置提供信息。我们确定了模型和传感器的集成如何有助于利用“大数据”的范式转变，更重要的是，从“大数据”到“大信息”的重要一步。在本文中，我们以人类和环境健康挑战为例，说明了当前的发展情况，并确定了关键的研究需求。
Sensors are becoming ubiquitous in everyday life, generating data at an unprecedented rate and scale. However, models that assess impacts of human activities on environmental and human health, have typically been developed in contexts where data scarcity is the norm. Models are essential tools to understand processes, identify relationships, associations and causality, formalize stakeholder mental models, and to quantify the effects of prevention and interventions. They can help to explain data, as well as inform the deployment and location of sensors by identifying hotspots and areas of interest where data collection may achieve the best results. We identify a paradigm shift in how the integration of models and sensors can contribute to harnessing ‘Big Data’ and, more importantly, make the vital step from ‘Big Data’ to ‘Big Information’. In this paper, we illustrate current developments and identify key research needs using human and environmental health challenges as an example.