X-ray contrast media - an overview
X-ray contrast media - an overview
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tox.2004.12.020
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发表时间：
2005-04-15
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Christiansen, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Christiansen, C
X射线造影剂是化学惰性药物，在很短的时间内以很高的量在血管内给药。虽然它们被认为是相对安全的药物，但可能会发生不良反应：这些通常分为立即和延迟反应。后者在注射后数小时至数天出现。自从引入非离子单体和非离子二聚体以来，立即反应已经大大减少。然而，在X射线造影剂暴露的患者中，迟发性反应仍以1-3%的频率发生。这些反应大多数是轻度的，表现为皮疹，但也可能发生严重的反应。只有更好地了解观察到的不良反应背后的病因，才有可能进一步提高这些药物的安全性。(c)2004爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
X-ray contrast media are chemically inert drugs which are given intravascularly in very high amounts within a very short time period. Although they are regarded as relatively safe drugs, adverse reactions can occur: these are normally divided into immediate and delayed reactions. The latter appear hours to days after injection. Immediate reactions have been drastically reduced since the introduction of non-ionic monomers and non-ionic dimers. However, the delayed reactions still occur in a frequency of 1-3% in X-ray contrast media exposed patients. The majority of these reactions are mild and manifest as skin eruption, but severe reactions can also occur. Further improvement of the safety of these drugs is only possible with a better understanding of etiologies behind the observed adverse reactions. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.