The effects of size and color cues on the delayed response of very young children
The effects of size and color cues on the delayed response of very young children
复制标题
大小和颜色线索对幼儿反应延迟的影响
DOI：
10.3758/bf03337124
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发表时间：
1976
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. A. Myers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. W. Daehler;D. Bukatko;K. Benson;N. A. Myers
16 名年龄分别为 18、24、30 和 36 个月的儿童参加了一项有四项选择的延迟反应任务，以评估对隐藏物体位置的记忆。在三分之一的试验中，只有地点提示可用；另外三分之一添加了尺寸提示；在剩下的三分之一上，添加了颜色提示。所有年龄段的人都受益于测试试验中增加的视觉提示，其中尺寸提示尤其有帮助。在测试结束时，提出了另外两项试验，其中尺寸或颜色提示被秘密地切换，以便它们不再与地点提示冗余。当视觉提示与地点提示发生冲突时，只有年龄最大的孩子可能会直接对视觉提示做出反应。结果支持了一种发展模型，表明人们不再依赖地点线索。更加依赖内存中其他相关的视觉线索来定位隐藏的对象。
Sixteen children each at 18, 24, 30, and 36 months of age participated in a four-choice delayed reaction task to assess memory for location of a hidden object. On one-third of the trials, only place cues were available; on another third, size cues were added; on the remaining third, color cues were added. All age groups benefited from added visual cues on the test trials, with size cues being particularly facilitating. At the end of the test trials, two additional trials were presented in which the size or color cues were surreptitiously switched so that they were no longer redundant with place cues. Only the oldest children were likely to respond directly to a visual cue when in conflict with place cues. The results support a developmental model suggesting a shift from reliance on place cues. to greater reliance on other associated visual cues, in memory for locating a hidden object.