Follicular Helper CD4+ T Cells in Human Neuroautoimmune Diseases and Their Animal Models.
Follicular Helper CD4+ T Cells in Human Neuroautoimmune Diseases and Their Animal Models.
复制标题
人类神经自身免疫性疾病及其动物模型中的滤泡辅助 CD4 T 细胞。
DOI：
10.1155/2015/638968
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Jin T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fan X;Lin C;Han J;Jiang X;Zhu J;Jin T
滤泡辅助性CD 4 + T（TFH）细胞在体液免疫中起着重要作用，这源于它们能够为生发中心（GC）形成、B细胞分化为浆细胞和记忆细胞以及次级淋巴组织中的抗体产生提供帮助。TFH细胞可以通过标记物的组合来鉴定，所述标记物包括趋化因子受体CXCR 5、共刺激分子ICOS和PD-1、转录阻遏物Bcl-6和细胞因子IL-21。在人体中很难也不可能获得次级淋巴组织，因此通常使用人外周血样本作为组织TFH细胞的循环对应物进行研究。TFH细胞生成和功能的平衡对于保护性抗体应答是至关重要的，而TFH细胞的过度活化或TFH相关分子的过表达可能导致自身免疫性疾病。新出现的数据表明，TFH细胞和TFH相关分子可能参与神经自身免疫性疾病的发病机制，包括多发性硬化症（MS）、视神经肌萎缩症（NMO）/视神经肌萎缩谱系障碍（NMOSD）和重症肌无力（MG）。本文综述了TFH细胞的发育、功能、在神经自身免疫性疾病中的作用以及TFH相关分子的研究进展。
Follicular helper CD4+ T (TFH) cells play a fundamental role in humoral immunity deriving from their ability to provide help for germinal center (GC) formation, B cell differentiation into plasma cells and memory cells, and antibody production in secondary lymphoid tissues. TFH cells can be identified by a combination of markers, including the chemokine receptor CXCR5, costimulatory molecules ICOS and PD-1, transcription repressor Bcl-6, and cytokine IL-21. It is difficult and impossible to get access to secondary lymphoid tissues in humans, so studies are usually performed with human peripheral blood samples as circulating counterparts of tissue TFH cells. A balance of TFH cell generation and function is critical for protective antibody response, whereas overactivation of TFH cells or overexpression of TFH-associated molecules may result in autoimmune diseases. Emerging data have shown that TFH cells and TFH-associated molecules may be involved in the pathogenesis of neuroautoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica (NMO)/neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), and myasthenia gravis (MG). This review summarizes the features of TFH cells, including their development, function, and roles as well as TFH-associated molecules in neuroautoimmune diseases and their animal models.