CONTRIBUTIONS TO OUR KNOWLEDGE OF AMBROSIA FUNGI. I. ASCOIDEA HYLECOETI SP. NOV. (ASCOMYCETES)
CONTRIBUTIONS TO OUR KNOWLEDGE OF AMBROSIA FUNGI. I. ASCOIDEA HYLECOETI SP. NOV. (ASCOMYCETES)
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DOI：
10.1002/j.1537-2197.1961.tb11668.x
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发表时间：
1961-07
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
L. R. Batra;H. Francke-Grosmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. R. Batra;H. Francke-Grosmann
巴特拉（堪萨斯大学劳伦斯分校），海伦·弗兰克-格罗斯曼。对我们了解蘑菇的贡献。1 .子囊菌；阿米尔。日记账。植物学报，48(6):453-456。说明》1961。-子囊属。& Lindau in Brefeld（1891）属于Ascoideaceae （Endomycetales, Hemiascomycetidae）。子囊总纲与其他子囊菌的不同之处在于它具有增殖的多孢子子囊，新子囊通过旧子囊的颈状壁残余物形成。无球囊菌丝。现在的真菌在许多方面不同于该属的类型和唯一的种，A. rubescens Bref。&林道市。子囊孢子通过衣原孢子无性繁殖。腹股沟呈圆锥形，有许多孢子。它们聚集在50-200个个体asci的厚集群中。每子囊孢子的数量比冬花要大得多，而大小却比冬花小得多。已知只与水仙甲虫属（ambrosia beetle）之一的水仙甲虫（hylecoeti）有关。AMBROSIA真菌是一类与某些属的昆虫共生的真菌。这些真菌大多以腐生方式生活在植物和植物体内。教派的材料。虽然有些可能有一个相当复杂的寄生作用，与昆虫伙伴一起，在一些植物上形成所谓的ambrosia瘿。一般来说，这些真菌是发育中的幼虫的主要食物来源。Ambrosia真菌主要是外共生体。它们的特点是具有粘液孢子和芳香菌落，当生长在普通实验室培养基上或在现场观察时。这些真菌中的一些会导致原木的蓝色染色。在世界一些地区造成了严重的经济损失。这些真菌通常以孢子、厚壁衣孢子或干燥、有光泽的形式越冬。和子囊孢子的黏液外壳。雌性凤仙花甲虫以特殊的结构携带真菌，在产卵期间，接种体与卵一起沉积（franckegrossmann 1952, 1956, 1957）。在分类学上，大多数的ambrosia真菌属于Endomycetales， Ophiostomatales和其他子囊菌目和fungi Imperfecti （Batra, 1959）。本文作者还分离出了一些身份不明的担子菌，但尚未观察到植菌。我们在研究食腐菌与食腐甲虫的共生关系时，分离到了食腐菌。像许多其他这样的真菌一样，这种真菌以外共生体的形式生活
BATRA, LEKH R. (U. Kansas, Lawrence), and HELENE FRANCKE-GROSMANN. Contributions to our knowledge of ambrosia fungi. I. Ascoidea hylecoeti sp. nov. (Ascomycetes). Amer. Jour. Bot. 48(6): 453-456. Illus. 1961.-The genus Ascoidea Bref. & Lindau in Brefeld (1891) belongs to the family Ascoideaceae (Endomycetales, Hemiascomycetidae). Ascoidea differs from all other ascomycetes by its possession of characteristic multispored asci which proliferate, the newer asci being formed through the collar-like wall remnants of older asci. Ascogenous hyphae are absent. The present fungus differs in many ways from the type and the only species of the genus, A. rubescens Bref. & Lindau. Ascoidea hylecoeti reproduces asexually by chlamydospores. The asci are conical and many spored. They are aggregated in thick clusters of 50-200 individual asci. The number of ascospores per ascus is much larger than that of A. rubescens and their size is much smaller. Ascoidea hylecoeti is known to occur only in association with the genus Hylecoetus, one of the ambrosia beetles. AMBROSIA fungi are a group of fungi which live symbiotically with some genera of insects. Most of these fungi live saprophytically on plant and in. sect material. although some may have a rather complex and parasitic role together with the insect partner in the formation of so-called ambrosia galls on some plants. Generally, these fungi serve as a major source of food for the developing larvae. Ambrosia fungi are predominantly ectosymbiotes. They are characterized by having mucilaginous spores and fragrant colonies when grown on common laboratory media or when observed in the field. Some of these fungi cause blue staining of logged timber. resulting in heavy economic losses in some parts of the world. These fungi usually overwinter in the form of oidia, thick-walled chlamydospores, or dried, shiny. and mucilaginous crusts of ascospores. The female ambrosia beetles carry the fungi in special structures and the inocula are deposited during oviposition along with the eggs (FranckeGrosmann 1952, 1956, 1957). Taxonomically, most of the ambrosia fungi belong to the Endomycetales, Ophiostomatales and other ascomycetous orders and Fungi Imperfecti (Batra, 1959). Some unidentified Basidiomycetes have also been isolated by the present authors, although no Phycomycetes have so far been observed. Ascolidea hylecoeti was isolated during our studies of symbiotic relationships between ambrosia fungi and ambrosia beetles. Like many other such fungi, this fungus lives as an ectosymbiote and is