Identifying ASes of state-owned internet operators
Identifying ASes of state-owned internet operators
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DOI：
10.1145/3487552.3487822
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发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Esteban Carisimo;Alexander Gamero-Garrido;A. Snoeren;A. Dainotti
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文献类型：
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作者：
Esteban Carisimo;Alexander Gamero-Garrido;A. Snoeren;A. Dainotti
在本文中，我们提出并应用了一种方法来准确识别全球国有互联网运营商及其自治系统号码（asn）。获得国有互联网运营商asn的准确数据集，可以在国有所有权是一个重要维度的领域进行研究，包括与互联网审查和监视、网络战和国际关系、ICT发展和数字鸿沟、关键基础设施保护和公共政策相关的研究。我们的方法是基于对数据集的多阶段、深入的人工分析，这些数据集本质上是高度多样化的。我们发现这些数据集中的每一个都以不同的方式对分类过程做出了贡献，并且我们确定了这些数据源的局限性和缺点。我们获得了这种类型的第一个数据集，并将其与我们在此过程中吸取的几个教训一起提供给研究界，并根据我们的数据进行初步分析。我们发现，全球53%（即123个）的国家是互联网运营商的主要所有者，这表明这是一种普遍现象。我们还发现并记录了在国外经营的国有政府子公司的存在，这方面涉及每个大陆，特别是影响非洲。我们希望这项工作和相关的数据集将激发和推动广泛的互联网测量研究和跨学科研究。
In this paper we present and apply a methodology to accurately identify state-owned Internet operators worldwide and their Autonomous System Numbers (ASNs). Obtaining an accurate dataset of ASNs of state-owned Internet operators enables studies where state ownership is an important dimension, including research related to Internet censorship and surveillance, cyber-warfare and international relations, ICT development and digital divide, critical infrastructure protection, and public policy. Our approach is based on a multi-stage, in-depth manual analysis of datasets that are highly diverse in nature. We find that each of these datasets contributes in different ways to the classification process and we identify limitations and shortcomings of these data sources. We obtain the first data set of this type, make it available to the research community together with the several lessons we learned in the process, and perform a preliminary analysis based on our data. We find that 53% (i.e., 123) of the world's countries are majority owners of Internet operators, highlighting that this is a widespread phenomenon. We also find and document the existence of subsidiaries of state-owned governments operating in foreign countries, an aspect that touches every continent and particularly affects Africa. We hope that this work and the associated data set will inspire and enable a broad set of Internet measurement studies and interdisciplinary research.