Effects of shelter housing on dogs' sensitivity to human social cues
Effects of shelter housing on dogs' sensitivity to human social cues
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jveb.2016
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Gaunet, Florence
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duranton, Charlotte;Gaunet, Florence
众所周知，狗擅长使用人类的社会信号，比如指向目标、凝视、注意力的视觉方向和面部情感暗示。人们提出了两种不相互排斥的假说来解释这些能力：驯化假说和“两阶段”假说。检验两阶段假说的一种方法是比较具有不同历史的狗与人类的亚群。例如，生活在人类家中并与人类建立了牢固的亲缘关系的宠物狗的能力可以与生活在社会孤立中并被剥夺与人类广泛接触的收容所狗的能力进行比较。在这里，我们回顾了现有的研究文献，比较这两个亚群使用相同的方案。宠物狗在跟随人类的指示和估计人类的注意力状态或视觉注意力方向方面比收容所的狗表现得更好。与宠物狗相比，收容所的狗似乎更倾向于与人类凝视和互动。收容所的狗与人类的接触很少，这是对这些结果的最佳解释。我们总结了调查结果，强调了生活经验和学习在决定狗使用人类社会暗示的能力方面的重要性，并认为收容所的狗可能已经学会了不回应对它们无用的人类暗示，或者由于缺乏与人类接触而失去了一些先前获得的技能。最后，我们鼓励进一步的研究，以增加我们对收容所狗使用人类社会线索的能力受损的理论和实践理解，以及它与生活经历的影响的联系。(C) 2016 Elsevier Inc.版权所有。
Dogs are known to be skilled at using human social signals such as pointing at a target, gaze, visual direction of attention, and facial emotional cues. Two nonmutually exclusive hypotheses have been proposed to explain these abilities: the domestication hypothesis and the "Two-Stage" hypothesis. One way to test the Two-Stage hypothesis is to compare subpopulations of dogs with different histories with humans. For example, the abilities of pet dogs, who live in human homes and have developed strong affiliative bonds with humans, can be compared with those of shelter dogs, who live,in social isolation and are deprived of extended contact with humans. Here, we review the extant literature on studies comparing these 2 subpopulations using identical protocols. Pet dogs perform better than shelter dogs at following human pointing and at estimating humans' attentional state or direction of visual attention. Shelter dogs seem to be more socially driven to gaze and interact with humans compared to pet dogs. Shelter dogs' impoverished contact with humans is the best candidate explanation for these results. We summarize survey results highlighting the importance of life experience and learning in determining dogs' abilities to use human social cues and argue that shelter dogs may have learned not to respond to human cues that are not useful to them or have lost some previously acquired skills due to a lack of exposure to humans. Finally, we encourage further research that adds to both our theoretical and practical understanding of the impaired abilities of shelter dogs to use human social cues, and its link with the effect of life experiences. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.