Treatment of drinking water for rural households using Moringa seed and solar disinfection
Treatment of drinking water for rural households using Moringa seed and solar disinfection
复制标题
利用辣木种子和太阳能消毒处理农村家庭饮用水
DOI：
10.2166/washdev.2021.253
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
S. Sabai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Marobhe;S. Sabai
坦桑尼亚的农村人口使用不安全的饮用水，这些饮用水来自未经改善的水源，这些水源没有得到充分的植物种子粉处理。研究了脱脂辣木籽粗提物(DCSE)与水过滤和太阳能消毒(SODIS)对农村生活用水的处理效果。在20个L桶中，采用不同浊度的河水，对DCSE的除浊除菌性能进行了评价。采用不同投加量的5%(重量/体积)dCSE进行混凝-絮凝处理。在沉淀时间为2-6h后，最佳投加量可达到最大的除浊效果。对于浊度为150、450和1000NTU的水，DCSE的最佳投加量分别为20、30和80mL/20 L，浊度去除效率分别为98、99和99%。过滤工艺经混凝/絮凝/沉淀后，dCSE能去除约66%的悬浮物。在黑色涂装和未涂装的瓶装预处理水中，阳光照射6h后，SODIS分别去除99%和97.6%，总大肠菌群和粪便大肠菌群分别达到99.9%和98.6%。经处理的水的pH值和色度均符合坦桑尼亚的标准。这项研究建议在家庭一级使用dCSE、过滤和SODIS进行水处理，并使用锅进行储存。
Rural populations in Tanzania use unsafe drinking water from unimproved water sources which are inadequately treated using plant seed powder. The effectiveness of defatted crude seed extract (dCSE) of Moringa oleifera along with water filtration and solar disinfection (SODIS) for rural household water treatment was investigated. The performance of dCSE in turbidity and bacteria reduction was evaluated in 20 L buckets using river water with varied turbidities. Coagulation– flocculation processes were conducted using different dosages of 5% (Weight/Volume) dCSE. Optimum dosage for maximum turbid removal was established after 2–6 h of settling time. Optimum dosages of dCSE were 20, 30 and 80 mL/20 L for water with a turbidity of 150, 450 and 1,000 NTU with turbidity removal efficiencies of 98, 99 and 99%, respectively. The filtration process was able to remove about 66% of suspended solids from pretreated water by dCSE after coagulation/ flocculation/sedimentation. SODIS of pretreated water in black painted and unpainted bottles removed 99 and 97.6%; 99.9 and 98.6% of total and fecal coliforms after 6 h of sunlight exposure, respectively. The pH and color of treated water were within Tanzania Standards. This study recommends dCSE, filtration and SODIS for use at household level for water treatment and storage using pots.