An automated method to extract fluvial terraces from LIDAR based high resolution Digital Elevation Models: The Oiartzun valley, a case study in the Cantabrian Margin
An automated method to extract fluvial terraces from LIDAR based high resolution Digital Elevation Models: The Oiartzun valley, a case study in the Cantabrian Margin
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DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2014.10.030
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发表时间：
2015-04
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
M. D. Val;E. Iriarte;M. Arriolabengoa;A. Aranburu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. D. Val;E. Iriarte;M. Arriolabengoa;A. Aranburu
气候和构造条件共同控制了第四纪河流的下切，河流阶地是解开其演化历史的最重要地貌。大面积高分辨率地形数据的日益增加提供了一个机会，可以大大提高信息的数量和质量，以便开发半自动技术来识别和描述这些特征。在这项研究中，我们采用了一种方法的基础上Demoulin等人。（2007）用于在数字高程模型（DEM）中检测河流阶地，其新奇之处在于使用来自使用地理信息系统（GIS）例程处理的高分辨率LiDAR数据的DEM。该方法是基于识别的坡度变化和改变的符号的剖面曲率横跨山坡。考虑到给定长度的山谷段上的散点图，作为到山谷底部的距离或海拔的函数的每个最小坡度值都被认为是可能的阶地遗迹。这些最小坡度的汇编保留在连续的片段覆盖整个山谷的长度将最终提供一个二维图的阶地遗迹在今天的河流长剖面。我们成功地测试了这种方法在Oiartzun山谷在东部地区的坎塔布连边缘（西比利牛斯山脉），梯田地图以前开发通过航空照片解释和实地测绘活动。尽管Cantabrian河流系统的高度侵蚀性，河流地貌和丰富的植被覆盖的保存较差，我们的方法获得了良好的效果，由于其客观性，详尽性和快速性，允许快速和连贯的分析河流流域和它们的比较。
Combined climatic and tectonic conditions controlled the Quaternary incision of rivers, and the fluvial terraces are the most significant landforms to untangle their evolutionary history. Increasing availability of high-resolution topography data over large areas offers an opportunity to increment greatly the quantity and the quality of information feasible for the development of semi-automated techniques for identification and characterization of these features. In this study, we apply a methodology based on Demoulin et al. (2007) for the detection of fluvial terraces in Digital Elevation Models (DEM), with the novelty of using DEMs derived from high resolution LiDAR data that are processed using Geographical Information System (GIS) routines. The method is based on the recognition of slope variations and change of sign of profile curvature across the hillslopes. Considering scatter plots over valley segments of given length, every minimum of slope value as a function of either distance to or elevation above the base of the valley is considered a possible terrace remnant. The compilation of these slope minima retained within the successive segments covering the whole length of the valley will finally provide a two-dimensional plot of terrace remnants in respect to the present-day long profile of the river. We successfully tested this method in the Oiartzun valley in the eastern area of the Cantabrian margin (western Pyrenees), where terrace maps were previously developed via aerial photo-interpretation and field-mapping campaigns. Despite the highly erosive nature of the Cantabrian fluvial systems, the poor preservation of fluvial landforms and the abundant vegetation cover, our method obtained good results due to its objectivity, exhaustiveness, and rapidity, allowing fast and coherent analysis of fluvial valleys and their comparison.