Life cycle assessment of the winter wheat-summer maize production system on the North China Plain
Life cycle assessment of the winter wheat-summer maize production system on the North China Plain
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DOI：
10.1080/13504500709469740
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发表时间：
2007-08
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Mingxin Wang;Wenliang Wu;Wenna Liu;Y. Bao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mingxin Wang;Wenliang Wu;Wenna Liu;Y. Bao
采用生命周期评价方法，对华北平原冬小麦-夏玉米生产系统的环境影响进行了研究。生命周期评估考虑了冬小麦和夏玉米各生产1吨所需的整个系统。分析包括原材料的提取和运输，农用化学品的生产和运输，以及田间耕作。首先，与不同工艺有关的所有排放和资源消耗都列在生命周期清单中，并与一个共同单位（1吨谷物）相关。随后，进行了生命周期影响评估，将清单数据汇总为环境影响指标，包括能源消耗、气候变化、酸化、水生富营养化、人类毒性、水生和陆地生态毒性。对冬小麦系统而言，能源消耗和酸化是最相关的环境影响，而对夏玉米系统而言，能源消耗和水体富营养化是主要关切。结果表明，桓台县冬小麦-夏玉米生产系统中最重要的环境影响源是氮肥的生产和施用。由于农药投入大、使用效率低，冬小麦对环境的影响远大于夏玉米。
A life cycle assessment (LCA) method was used to examine the environmental impact of the winter wheat-summer maize production system on the North China Plain. The LCA considered the entire system required to produce 1 ton each of winter wheat and summer maize. The analysis included raw material extraction and transportation, agrochemical production and transportation, and arable farming in the field. First, all emissions and resource consumption connected to the different processes were listed in a life cycle inventory (LCI) and related to a common unit (1 ton of grain). Subsequently, a life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) was conducted, in which the inventory data were aggregated into indicators for environmental effects, including energy depletion, climate change, acidification, aquatic eutrophication, human toxicity, aquatic and terrestrial ecotoxicity. For winter wheat systems, energy depletion and acidification were the most relevant environmental impacts, and energy depletion and aquatic eutrophication were the primary concerns for summer maize systems. The results revealed that the most important source of environmental impact in the winter wheat-summer maize production system in Huantai County was the production and application of nitrogen fertilisers. The environmental impacts of winter wheat were much stronger than those of summer maize due to higher inputs and lower use efficiency of agrochemicals.