Precision Computation of Wind Turbine Power Upgrades: An Aerodynamic and Control Optimization Test Case
Precision Computation of Wind Turbine Power Upgrades: An Aerodynamic and Control Optimization Test Case
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DOI：
10.1115/1.4042450
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发表时间：
2019-05
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Astolfi;F. Castellani;M. L. Fravolini;S. Cascianelli;L. Terzi
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作者：
D. Astolfi;F. Castellani;M. L. Fravolini;S. Cascianelli;L. Terzi
风力涡轮机升级近来已经在风能工业中普及，用于优化风动能转换的效率。这些干预措施有材料和劳动力成本;因此，现实地估计产量提高是至关重要的。此外，位于复杂环境中的风力涡轮机的改装可能会加剧这些风力涡轮机所经受的应力条件，从而可能影响剩余寿命。在这项工作中，一个多兆瓦级的风力涡轮机的两步升级被认为是从一个风电场选址在复杂的地形。首先，安装了涡流发生器和被动流量控制装置。其次，优化了每分钟转数的管理。在这项工作中，制定了一个通用的方法来评估风力涡轮机功率升级使用的操作数据。该方法基于对升级前后测量的功率输出与功率输出本身的明智模型之间的残差的研究。因此，正确选择模型是根本。为此，采用了基于逐步多元回归的自动特征选择算法。这允许识别多变量线性模型的最有意义的输入变量，该模型的目标是升级后的风力涡轮机的功率。对于感兴趣的测试情况，所采用的升级估计将使年发电量增加到2.6 ± 0.1%。空气动力学和控制系统的升级估计分别占产量提高的1.8%和0.8%。
Wind turbine upgrades have recently been spreading in the wind energy industry for optimizing the efficiency of the wind kinetic energy conversion. These interventions have material and labor costs; therefore, it is fundamental to estimate the production improvement realistically. Furthermore, the retrofitting of the wind turbines sited in complex environments might exacerbate the stress conditions to which those are subjected and consequently might affect the residual life. In this work, a two-step upgrade on a multimegawatt wind turbine is considered from a wind farm sited in complex terrain. First, vortex generators and passive flow control devices have been installed. Second, the management of the revolutions per minute has been optimized. In this work, a general method is formulated for assessing the wind turbine power upgrades using operational data. The method is based on the study of the residuals between the measured power output and a judicious model of the power output itself, before and after the upgrade. Therefore, properly selecting the model is fundamental. For this reason, an automatic feature selection algorithm is adopted, based on the stepwise multivariate regression. This allows identifying the most meaningful input variables for a multivariate linear model whose target is the power of the upgraded wind turbine. For the test case of interest, the adopted upgrade is estimated to increase the annual energy production to 2.6 ± 0.1%. The aerodynamic and control upgrades are estimated to be 1.8% and 0.8%, respectively, of the production improvement.